Wheel stud

Wheel stud

Wheel studs are the bolts that the wheel of an automobile rest on. Lug nuts are fastened to the wheel stud to secure the wheel. Wheel studs can be either factory equipment or aftermarket add-ons. They are semi-permanently mounted directly to the vehicle brake drum or disk hub.

The primary advantage of wheel studs over wheel bolts is greater strength due to an increase in clamping force and resistance to loosening. Another benefit is greater ease for tire changes by creating the ability to lift both the wheel and tire onto the studs creating the ability to hold and locate the assembly during tire changes rather than trying to hold up the wheel and tire while lining up the holes to insert a bolt.

Types

Wheel studs are replaceable and come in two basic kinds: press-in and screw-in. Welded-in studs are possible but unlikely to be encountered.

crew-in

Screw-in studs simply screw into the existing threaded bolt hole in the hub. The end that screws into the hub is usually either threaded with a higher tolerance fit or installed with a chemical thread locking compound (e.g. Loctite) to keep it from backing out from the hub when the lug nut is removed.

Press-in

Press-in studs are installed from the back side of the disk or drum hub and require removal of the hub from the vehicle for installation or removal. They consist of a threaded portion and a larger diameter section that is splined to prevent rotation. The diameter of the splined section is larger than the hole in the hub requiring a press fit to seat the stud. The stud is prevented from being pulled through the hub by a larger diameter stop on the end.

Most press-in studs are designed and recommended to be installed with a mechanical or hydraulic press to ensure proper seating without damage. It is possible, though not advised, to install a press-in by using a washer and nut to "draw" it into the hub. In doing so, the installer must ensure that the stud is fully seated and that no damage is done to the threaded portion of the stud.

Aftermarket wheel studs

Aftermarket wheel studs offer the ability to mount a wheel that is not factory supplied to that vehicle. Screw-in studs with a larger than original threaded diameter portion permit mounting of wheels with larger diameter holes. Wheel studs of longer length allow the use of wheel spacers to move a wheel further out to compensate for rubbing or backspacing issues or for simple cosmetic purposes.


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