Gauss-Krüger coordinate system

Gauss-Krüger coordinate system

In cartography, the term Gauss-Krüger, named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Johann Heinrich Louis Krüger, is used in three slightly different ways.
* Often, it is just a synonym for the transverse Mercator map projection. Another synonym is "Gauss conformal projection".
* Sometimes, the term is used for a particular computational method for transverse Mercator: that is, how to convert between latitude/longitude and projected coordinates. There is no simple closed formula to do so when the earth is modelled as an ellipsoid. But the "Gauss-Krüger" method gives the same results as other methods, at least if you are sufficiently near the central meridian: less than 10 degrees of longitude, say. Farther away, some methods become inaccurate.
* The term is also used for a particular set of Transverse Mercator projections used in narrow zones in Europe and South America, at least in Germany, Austria, Finland and Argentina. This "Gauss-Krüger" system is similar to the universal transverse Mercator system, but the central meridians of the Gauss-Krüger zones are only 3° apart, as opposed to 6° in UTM. As a consequence, the scale variation within a Gauss-Krüger zone is about 1/4 of what it is in a UTM zone. More information on this system can be found on the German Wikipedia.


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