Vocational technical school

Vocational technical school

Vocational Technical School ( _ru. профессиона́льно-техни́ческое учи́лище) – "Professionalno-tehnicheskoye uchilishche" (acronym: PTU; ПТУ, пэ-тэ-у́) is a Soviet vocational education facility aimed to train qualified industrial workers and servicemen. Such schools are widespread in all post-Soviet countries (usually in every city).

PTUs form a government-funded nation-wide system for school graduates who don't intend to receive a university degree (see "Secondary education"). Instead, they are both educated generally and trained for non-academic occupations. PTU were specializing in almost all such professions, but the most spread are for construction and machinery positions. Specializations also included secretary (girls only), cook, waiter and even mosaic artist (needed drawing talents to apply). Usual entering age of students is 15 – after 8 years of ordinary school, usual background — peasants, lower working class, orphans etc. Two or three years of learning are typical. However, part of students enter after 10 years of ordinary school and learn during 1 year.

PTUs required no entering examination, provided with free hostels and meals. Parents were also attracted by the 24-hour presence of “upbringers” – mentors whose task is to prevent students from deviative behavior. Further employment was also guaranteed, as well as possibility to continue education in university level. That is why PTUs played an important role in urbanizing rural communities and forming Soviet working class (see Urbanization). Society widely associates PTUs and their students with lower class and its negative attributes: bad manners, low educational level and alcoholism. But these schools were unbeatable form of mass education, employment and distracting youth from crime.

History

In 1920-30ties the analogs of PTU existed, named as "schools of factory and plant apprenticeship"(Russian:"шко́ла фабри́чно-заводско́го учени́чества" – "Shkola fabrichno-zavodskogo uchenichestva", acronym: FZU; ФЗУ, фэ-зэ-у́), which were partly inherited from the vocational school system of the Russian Empire. In 1940, they were reorganized to "vocational schools" (Russian:"реме́сленное учи́лище" – "Remeslennoye uchilishche"), and in 1959 – to PTUs.

During transformation to market economy, PTUs suffered a huge blow since their graduates lost socialist employment guarantees. Many of PTUs were closed or merged and the number of students declined dramatically. Some PTUs were renamed and reformed into "lyceums" or "colleges" in attempt to gain higher status and establish tuition fees.

See also

* Technicum
* professions
* Training


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Vocational-technical school — A vocational technical school, often called a voc tech school, is a high school in the United States and Canada designed to bring vocational and technical training to its students. Such skills become highly valuable to students entering into a… …   Wikipedia

  • Ocean County Vocational Technical School — Superintendent: William Hoey Business Administrator: Frank J. Frazee Address: 137 Bey Lea Road Toms River, NJ 08753 Grade Ra …   Wikipedia

  • Montachusett Regional Vocational Technical School — Established 1965 Type Public secondary vocational Principal …   Wikipedia

  • Gloucester County Vocational-Technical School District — The Gloucester County Vocational Technical School District a vocational public school district serving the vocational and educational needs of public high school in grades 9 to 12 and of adult students in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United… …   Wikipedia

  • New Castle County Vocational-Technical School District — is a public vocational technical school district serving New Castle County, Delaware. Each year, one fourth of all eighth grade students attending New Castle County public schools apply for admission to a vo tech high school. Students who are… …   Wikipedia

  • Columbia-Montour Area Vocational-Technical School — Address 5050 Sweppenheiser Drive Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, 17815 United States Information School type …   Wikipedia

  • Fayette County Area Vocational technical school — The Fayette County Area Vocational Technical School in Uniontown, Pennsylvania is an elite local vocational technical school for students enrolled in the Laurel Highlands School District, Albert Gallatin School District, Brownsville School… …   Wikipedia

  • Technical school — is a general term used for two year college which provide mostly employment preparation skills for trained labor, such as welding, culinary arts and office management.Associations supporting technical schoolsThe Association for Career and… …   Wikipedia

  • Mergenthaler Vocational Technical Senior High School — Mergenthaler Vocational–Technical High School Reimagining Excellence Address 3500 Hillen Road …   Wikipedia

  • Union County Vocational Technical Schools — The Union County Vocational Technical Schools (UCVTS) are a grouping of schools on the Union County Vocational Technical Schools Campus in Scotch Plains, New Jersey, United States. This organization offers six potential programs to the student,… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”