William Merriam Burton

William Merriam Burton

Infobox_Scientist
name = William Merriam Burton


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birth_date = birth date|1865|11|17|mf=y
birth_place = Cleveland, Ohio
death_date = death date and age|1954|12|29|1865|11|17|mf=y
death_place = Miami, Florida
residence =
citizenship =
nationality =
ethnicity =
field = Chemistry
work_institution = Standard Oil
alma_mater =
doctoral_advisor =
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known_for =
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prizes = Perkin Medal 1922
religion =
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William Merriam Burton (November 17, 1865 – December 29, 1954) was a U.S. chemist who developed the first thermal cracking process for crude oil.

Burton was born in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1886, he received a Bachelor of Science degree at Western Reserve University. He earned a PhD at Johns Hopkins University in 1889.

Burton initially worked for the Standard Oil refinery at Whiting, Indiana. He became president of Standard Oil from 1918 to 1927, when he retired.

The process of thermal cracking invented by Burton, which became US patent|1049667 on January 7, 1913, doubled the yield of gasoline that can be extracted from crude oil.

The first thermal cracking method, the Shukhov cracking process, was invented by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov (1853-1939), in the Russian empire, Patent No. 12926, November 27, 1891.

Burton died in Miami, Florida.

ee also

* Cracking (chemistry)
* Burton process
* Shukhov cracking process

External links

* [http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-refining5.htm Information on cracking in oil refining]

Persondata
NAME=Burton, William Merriam
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=U.S. chemist who developed the first thermal cracking process for crude oil
DATE OF BIRTH=November 17, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH=Cleveland, Ohio
DATE OF DEATH=December 29, 1954
PLACE OF DEATH=Miami, Florida


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  • William Burton — may refer to:* William Burton (antiquary) (1575 1645), author of The Description of Leicestershire , 1622 * William Burton (translator) (16th century), English translator of Achilles Tatius * William Henry Burton (1739 1818), UK MP for the Irish… …   Wikipedia

  • Burton process — The Burton process is a thermal cracking process invented by William Merriam Burton and Robert Humphrey. [cite book author = Jakle, John A. and Sculle, Keith A. title = The Gas Station in America publisher = The Johns Hopkins University Press… …   Wikipedia

  • Cracking (chemistry) — In petroleum geology and chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or heavy hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon carbon bonds in the… …   Wikipedia

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