Japanese aircraft carrier Zuikaku

"Zuikaku" (Japanese: ずいかく Kanji: 瑞鶴 "fortunate crane") was a "Shōkaku"-class aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Her planes took part in the attack on Pearl Harbor that formally brought the United States into the Pacific War, and she fought in several of the most important naval battles of the war, finally being sunk in the battle off Cape Engaño. [ [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-fornv/japan/japsh-xz/zuikaku.htm Zuikaku @] www.history.navy.mil]

WWII Service

In 1941 "Zuikaku", under the command of Captain Yokokawa Ichibei, and her sister ship "Shōkaku" made up Carrier Division Five. On 26 November 1941 she left Hittokapu Bay for the attack on Pearl Harbor. Her aircraft complement consisted of 15 Mitsubishi A6M fighters, 27 Aichi D3A dive bombers, and 27 Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers. On 7 December she launched two waves of planes against the United States Navy base at Pearl Harbor. In the first wave, 25 Vals attacked the airbase at Wheeler Field and 5 Zeros attacked the airbase at Kaneohe. In the second wave, 27 Kates attacked the airbase at Hickam Field and 17 Vals targeted the "California" and the "Maryland".

Her planes attacked Rabaul on 20 January 1942 and Lae in New Guinea on 21 January. In April 1942 she took part in the Indian Ocean raid, striking the British naval bases at Colombo and Trincomalee on Ceylon, and sinking the British aircraft carrier "Hermes"

In May 1942 she was assigned along with "Shōkaku" and "Shōhō" to cover Operation MO, the invasion of Port Moresby, New Guinea. Alerted by signal decrypts, the Allies were able to dispatch the carriers "Yorktown" and "Lexington" against the Japanese. On 8 May 1942, the main carrier forces located one another and launched maximum effort raids, which passed each other in the air. Hidden by a rain squall, "Zuikaku" escaped detection, but "Shōkaku" was hit three times by bombs and was unable to launch or recover her planes. "Zuikaku" was undamaged but had lost half her planes in the battle and had to return to Japan for resupply and aircrew training. Thus neither carrier was able to take part in the battle of Midway in June. (See Battle of the Coral Sea) [ [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-fornv/japan/japsh-xz/zuikaku.htm Zuikaku @] www.history.navy.mil]

In August 1942, commanded by Captain Tameteru Notomo, "Zuikaku" and Carrier Division One were dispatched to the Solomon Islands to drive away the U.S. fleet. On 24 August 1942, in the battle of the Eastern Solomons, her planes severely damaged "Enterprise".

On 26 October 1942, in the battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, her planes again damaged "Enterprise", and crippled "Hornet" (she was abandoned and later sunk by the Japanese destroyers "Akigumo" and "Makigumo"). However, "Shōkaku" and "Zuihō" were both severely damaged by American air attack, and "Zuikaku" had to pick up the surviving planes. Of the 110 planes launched by the Japanese carriers, only 44 returned to "Zuikaku".

In February 1943 she covered the evacuation of Guadalcanal. In May she was assigned to a mission to repulse the Allies from Attu in the Aleutian Islands, but after the Allied victory on May 29, 1943 the operation was cancelled. Later in 1943, under the command of Captain Kikuchi Tomozo, she was based at Truk and operated against U.S. forces in the Marshall Islands.

In 1944 she was based at Singapore. In June she was assigned to Operation "A-Go", an attempt to repulse the Allied invasion of the Mariana Islands. On 19 June 1944, in the battle of the Philippine Sea, "Taihō" and "Shōkaku" were both sunk by submarine attack, leaving "Zuikaku", the only survivor of Carrier Division One, to recover their few remaining planes. On 20 June a bomb hit started a fire in the hangar, but "Zuikaku"'s experienced damage control teams managed to get it under control, and she was able to escape under her own power.

After the battle, "Zuikaku" was the only remaining survivor of the six fleet carriers that had launched the attack on Pearl Harbor.

In October 1944 she was the flagship of Admiral Jisaburo Ozawa's decoy Northern Force in Operation "Shō-1". On 24 October 1944 she took part in the battle off Cape Engaño. She launched her remaining aircraft in an ineffective strike against the U.S. Third Fleet: most were shot down by the American covering patrols, but a few stragglers made it safely to Luzon. Then she came under heavy air attack and was hit by seven torpedoes and nine bombs. With "Zuikaku" listing heavily to port, Ozawa shifted his flag to "Ōyodo". The order to abandon ship was issued at 13:58 and the flag was struck. "Zuikaku" rolled over and sank at 14:14, taking Rear Admiral Kaizuka Takeo and 842 men with her. 862 men were rescued by "Wakatsuki" and "Kuwa". [ [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-fornv/japan/japsh-xz/zuikaku.htm Zuikaku @] www.history.navy.mil]

Commanding Officers

Chief Equipping Officer - Capt. Ichibei Yokokawa - 15 November 1940 - 25 September 1941

Capt. Ichibei Yokokawa - 25 September 1941 - 15 June 1942

Capt. Tameki Nomoto - 15 June 1942 - 21 June 1943

Capt. Tomozo Kikuchi - 21 June 1943 - 18 December 1943

Capt. / RADM / VADM* Takeo Kaizuka - 18 December 1943 - 25 October 1944 (KIA; promoted to Rear Admiral on 15 October 1944; posthumous promotion to Vice Admiral.)

Notes

ee also

* Battle of the Coral Sea

External links

* [http://www.combinedfleet.com/Zuikak.htm Tabular record of movement] from [http://www.combinedfleet.com/ combinedfleet.com]