Hans Chiari

Infobox Scientist
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birth_date = September 4, 1851
birth_place = Vienna
death_date = 1916
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nationality = Austrian
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field = pathologist
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known_for = Arnold-Chiari malformation
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influences = Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky Richard Ladislaus Heschl
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Hans Chiari (September 4, 1851 − 1916) was an Austrian pathologist who was a native of Vienna. He studied medicine in Vienna, where he was an assistant to Karl Freiherr von Rokitansky (1804-1878) and Richard Ladislaus Heschl (1824-1881). Later he practiced medicine in Prague and Strasbourg. At Prague he was superintendent of the pathological-anatomical museum. He was the son of gynecologist Johann Baptist Chiari (1817-1854), and brother to rhinolaryngologist Ottokar Chiari (1853-1918).

His primary studies were concerned with postmortem examinations, and most of his 177 published writings are the result of these autopsies.In 1891, he described a brain malformation that is characterized by abnormalities in the region where the brain and spinal cord meet, and it causes part of the cerebellum to protrude through the foramen magnum (bottom of the skull) into the spinal canal. This was to be called the Arnold-Chiari malformation, named after Chiari and another pathologist, Julius Arnold (1835 − 1915). The malformation was given its name in 1907 by two of Dr. Arnold's students. However, Arnold and Chiari were not the first to describe this condition; a Scottish physician named John Cleland (1835 − 1925) first described the malformation in 1883, and called it "basilar impression syndrome".

Chiari has another eponymous medical term named after him; the Budd-Chiari syndrome, which is ascites and cirrhosis of the liver caused by an obstruction of the hepatic veins due to a blood clot. It was named in conjunction with British internist George Budd (1808 − 1882).

References

*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Loukas
first=Marios
authorlink=
coauthors=Noordeh Nima, Shoja Mohammadali M, Pugh Jeffrey, Oakes W Jerry, Tubbs R Shane
year=2008|month=Mar.

title=Hans Chiari (1851-1916)
journal=
volume=24
issue=3
pages=407-9
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pmid = 18066558
doi = 10.1007/s00381-007-0535-y
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*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Arnett
first=Bridgette
authorlink=
year=2003|month=Jun.

title=Arnold-Chiari malformation
journal=Arch. Neurol.
volume=60
issue=6
pages=898-900
publisher = | location = | issn =
pmid = 12810499
doi = 10.1001/archneur.60.6.898
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*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Pearce
first=J M
authorlink=
year=2000|month=Jan.

title=Arnold chiari, or "Cruveilhier cleland Chiari" malformation
journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr.
volume=68
issue=1
pages=13
publisher = | location = | issn =
pmid = 10601393
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Koehler
first=P J
authorlink=
year=1991|month=Nov.

title=Chiari's description of cerebellar ectopy (1891). With a summary of Cleland's and Arnold's contributions and some early observations on neural-tube defects
journal=J. Neurosurg.
volume=75
issue=5
pages=823-6
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pmid = 1919713
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*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Lagerkvist
first=B
authorlink=
coauthors=Olsen L
year=1991|month=Aug.

title= [The men behind the syndrome. John Cleland, Hans Chiari and Julius Arnold--3 men behind a new phenomenon. Brain stem defects in children with myelocele]
journal=Lakartidningen
volume=88
issue=32-33
pages=2610-1
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pmid = 1881219
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*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Chiari
first=H
authorlink=
year=1987|month=.

title=Concerning alterations in the cerebellum resulting from cerebral hydrocephalus. 1891
journal=Pediatric neuroscience
volume=13
issue=1
pages=3-8
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pmid = 3317333
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*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Wilkins
first=R H
authorlink=
coauthors=Brady I A
year=1971|month=Oct.

title=The Arnold-Chiari malformations
journal=Arch. Neurol.
volume=25
issue=4
pages=376-9
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pmid = 4938787
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =

External links

* [http://www.northshorelij.com/100.cfm The Chiari Institute]
* [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1123.html Who Named It?, Hans Chiari]