Carl David Tolmé Runge

Carl David Tolmé Runge

Infobox_Scientist
name = Carl Runge
box_width = 26em


image_width =
caption = Carl David Tolmé Runge
birth_date = birth date|1856|8|30|mf=y
birth_place = Bremen, German Reich
death_date = death date and age|1927|1|3|1856|8|30
death_place = Göttingen, German Reich
residence = German Reich
citizenship = German
nationality =
field = Mathematics
Physics
work_institution = University of Hannover (1886-1904)
Georg-August University of Göttingen (1904-1925)
alma_mater = Berlin University
doctoral_advisor = Karl Weierstrass
Ernst Kummer
doctoral_students = Max Born
known_for = Runge-Kutta method
Runge's phenomenon
prizes =
footnotes =

Carl David Tolmé Runge (pronounced IPA|/ˈʀuŋˌge/) (August 30 1856 – January 3 1927) was a German mathematician, physicist, and spectroscopist.

He was co-developer and co-eponym of the Runge–Kutta method (pronounced IPA|/ˌʀuŋgeˈkuta/), in the field of what is today known as numerical analysis.

He spent the first few years of his life in Havana, where his father Julius Runge was the Danish consul. The family later moved to Bremen, where his father died early (in 1864).

In 1880 he received his Ph.D. in mathematics at Berlin, where he studied under Karl Weierstrass. In 1886 he became a professor in Hannover, Germany.

His interests included mathematics, spectroscopy, geodesy and astrophysics. In addition to pure mathematics he did a great deal of experimental work studying spectral lines of various elements (together with Heinrich Kayser), and was very interested in the application of this work to astronomical spectroscopy.

In 1904, on the initiative of Felix Klein he received a call to the Georg-August University of Göttingen, which he accepted. There he remained until his retirement in 1925.

Runge crater on the Moon is named after him.

See also:

*Runge's phenomenon
*Runge's method for diophantine equations.

Works by C. Runge

* [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN317854747 Ueber die Krümmung, Torsion und geodätische Krümmung der auf einer Fläche gezogenen Curven] (PhD dissertation, Friese, 1880)
* [http://name.umdl.umich.edu/ABN6667.0001.001 Analytische Geometrie der Ebene] (B.G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1908)
* [http://www.archive.org/details/graphmethods00rungrich Graphical methods; a course of lectures delivered in Columbia university, New York, October, 1909, to January, 1910] (Columbia University Press, New York, 1912)
* Carl Runge und Hermann König [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN373207646 Vorlesungen über numerisches Rechnen] (Springer, Heidelberg, 1924)
* [http://www.archive.org/details/graphischenmetho003786mbp Graphischen Methoden] (Teubner, 1928)

Bibliography

* F. Paschen: [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/ApJ../0069//0000317.000.html "Carl Runge"] , "Astrophysical Journal" 69:317–321, 1929. doi|10.1086/143192.
* Iris Runge: "Carl Runge und sein wissenschaftliches Werk", Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1949.

External links

*
* [http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu/anecdotes/runge.html Biography]
*

Persondata
NAME= Runge, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Runge, Carl David Tolmé
SHORT DESCRIPTION= German mathematician and physicist
DATE OF BIRTH= August 30 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH= Bremen, Germany
DATE OF DEATH= January 3 1927
PLACE OF DEATH= Göttingen, Germany


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