Galero

Galero

A galero (pl. galeri; L. "galerum", pl. "galera") in the Roman Catholic Church is a large, broad-brimmed tasseled hat worn by clergy. Over the centuries the galero was eventually limited in use to individual cardinals as a crown symbolizing the title of "Prince of the Church". The red galero was first granted to cardinals by Pope Innocent IV in 1245 at the First Council of Lyon. Tradition in the Archdiocese of Lyon is that the red color was inspired by the red hats of the canons of Lyon. According to Noonan, Pope Innocent wanted his favorites to be distinct and recognizable in the lengthy processions at the council.

When on 28 April 1285 at Girona, during the Aragonese Crusade, Jean Cholet crowned Charles of Valois with his galero and pronounced him King of Aragon, he earned Charles the nickname "roi du chapeau" ("king of the hat").

econd Vatican Council

When creating a cardinal, the Pope used to crown the candidate with a scarlet galero in consistory, the practice giving rise to the phrase "receiving the red hat." In 1969, a papal decree following the Second Vatican Council ended the use of the galero as an act of humbling the Church hierarchy. It was deemed that by removing such elaborate regalia, the people could better identify with their pastoral leaders. Today, only the scarlet zucchetto and biretta are placed over the heads of cardinals in consistory. A few cardinals from eastern rites wear distinctive oriental headgear. However, some cardinals continue to obtain galeri privately so that the old ceremony of its suspension over their tombs may be observed.

When a cardinal dies, it is traditional that it be suspended over his tomb, where it remains until it is reduced to dust, symbolizing how all earthly glory is passing. It is said that when it falls, the cardinals soul has entered Heaven. In the United States, where only a few cathedrals have crypts, the galeri of past archbishops who were cardinals are suspended from the ceiling. Hence, St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York (where past archbishops are entombed beneath the sanctuary), Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago, Illinois, [http://holynamecathedral.org/special/tours/tour9.htm] the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis in St. Louis, Missouri, the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels in Los Angeles, California, and the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in Washington, D.C. are five Cathedral churches in the United States that hang the galeri of past Cardinals from their ceilings.

Ecclesiastical heraldry

The galero (or "ecclesiastical hat") is still in use today in ecclesiastical heraldry as part of the achievement of the coat of arms of an armigerous Roman Catholic cleric. The galero replaces the helmet and crest, because those were considered too warlike for the clerical state. The color of the galero and number of tassels indicate the cleric's place in the hierarchy. Depiction in arms can vary greatly depending on the artist's style, but even when it looks like a cappello romano with tassels, in heraldry it is still considered a galero.

References

*CathEncy | wstitle=Ecclesiastical Heraldry | last=Fox-Davies | first=A.C. | authorlink = Arthur Charles Fox-Davies
*CathEncy | wstitle=Lyons | title=(Archdiocese of) Lyons | last=Goyau | first=Georges
*CathEncy | wstitle=First Council of Lyons (1245) | last=Goyau | first=Georges
*"Instruction on the dress, titles and coat-of-arms of cardinals, bishops and lesser prelates." "L'Osservatore Romano", English ed. 17 Apr 1969: 4. ISSN 0391-688X. Online at [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/instruction69.htm http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/instruction69.htm]
*cite book | last=Noonan, Jr. | first=James-Charles | title=The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church | year=1996 | publisher=Viking | id=ISBN 0-670-86745-4 | pages=191

External links

* [http://www.dieter-philippi.de/mydante_1479.html Pictures of clerical headgear, information and literature in German language]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • galero — (Cantb.) m. Especie de *sombrero chambergo. * * * galero. (Del lat. galērus). m. despect. coloq. Cantb. Sombrero deteriorado y deforme …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • galero — |é| s. m. 1. Gálea. 2.  [Antigo] Barrete de peles. 3. Chapéu que só podia ser usado pelos flâmines de Júpiter, na Roma antiga …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • galero — (Del lat. galērus). m. despect. coloq. Cantb. Sombrero deteriorado y deforme …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Galero — Wappenzier eines Erzbischofs im Kardinalsrang (Erkennbar durch das erzbischöfliche Vortragekreuz hinter dem Wappenschild und dem roten Kardinalshut mit 30 seitlichen Quasten Der Galero (Plural: Galeri; auch Kardinalshut genannt) ist ein großer,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • galero — ga·lè·ro s.m. 1. TS eccl. nome di vari tipi di copricapi ecclesiastici, spec. di quello di panno rosso a bordi larghi, con trenta fiocchi, indossato dai cardinali: galero vescovile, di colore nero o verde con dodici fiocchi; galero papale, di… …   Dizionario italiano

  • Galero — This very interesting surname is an example of that sizeable group of late medieval European surnames that were gradually created from the habitual use of nicknames. The nicknames were given in the first instance with reference to occupations, or …   Surnames reference

  • galero — {{hw}}{{galero}}{{/hw}}s. m. Cappello cardinalizio rosso …   Enciclopedia di italiano

  • galero — pl.m. galeri …   Dizionario dei sinonimi e contrari

  • galero — s. m. cappello cardinalizio …   Sinonimi e Contrari. Terza edizione

  • galero — ga·le·ro …   English syllables

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”