Kugelrohr

Kugelrohr

Infobox Laboratory equipment
name = Kugelrohr


caption =
1 Heating cage 2 Bulb containing item to be distilled 3 Cooling bath containing ice 4 Vacuum outlet and electric motor (to spaces|4rotate ball-string)

acronym =
other_names =
uses = Distillation
inventor =
manufacturer =
model =
related = Vacuum distillationA Kugelrohr (German for "ball tube") is a short-path vacuum distillation apparatus typically used to distill relatively small amounts of compounds with high boiling points (usually greater than 300 °C) under greatly reduced pressure.

Design

"Short path" refers to the short distance that the vapors of the distillate needs to travel, which helps reduce losses, and speed up collection of the distillate. Distilling under vacuum is used to prevent the compound being distilled from charring due to atmospheric oxygen, as well as to allow the distillation to proceed at a lower temperature. [ [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Equipment_Supplies__Books/Glassware_Catalog/Distillation/Kugelrohr.html Kugelrohr Distillation Apparatus] at the Sigma-Aldrich company website, accessed 8 Sep 2006.] [ [http://www.buchi.com/Glass-Oven-B-585-Kugelrohr.83.0.html Kugelrohr Distillation Apparatus] at the Buchi company website, accessed 15 Nov 2006.]

The apparatus consists of an electric heater with a digital thermostat, and two or more bulbs connected with ground glass joints. The compound to be distilled is placed in the last bulb. The other bulbs can be used to collect the distillates sequentially; when they are collecting the desired fraction, the bulb is cooled with ice to aid condensation. A motor drive is used to rotate the string of bulbs to reduce bumping and give efficient distillation.

References

ee also

* Distillation
*

Short path distillation
* Vacuum distillation

Gallery


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short path vacuum distillation apparatus can be used for bulb-to-bulb distillation.

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