- Pannexin
protein
Name = pannexin 1
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 8599
Symbol = PANX1
AltSymbols =
EntrezGene = 24145
OMIM = 608420
RefSeq = NM_015368
UniProt = Q96RD7
PDB =
ECnumber =
Chromosome = 11
Arm = q
Band = 14
LocusSupplementaryData = -q21protein
Name = pannexin 2
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 8600
Symbol = PANX2
AltSymbols =
EntrezGene = 56666
OMIM = 608421
RefSeq = NM_052839
UniProt = Q96RD6
PDB =
ECnumber =
Chromosome = 22
Arm = q
Band = 13
LocusSupplementaryData = protein
Name = pannexin 3
caption =
width =
HGNCid = 20573
Symbol = PANX3
AltSymbols =
EntrezGene = 116337
OMIM = 608422
RefSeq = NM_052959
UniProt = Q96QZ0
PDB =
ECnumber =
Chromosome = 11
Arm = q
Band = 24.2
LocusSupplementaryData = A pannexin is a member of a vertebrate family of proteins homologous to the invertebrateinnexins . Innexins are responsible for forminggap junction s in invertebrates. While pannexins are demonstrated to form channels that allow release of ATP inerythrocyte s and taste receptor cells, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in erythrocytes, while their role as gap junctions is not yet confirmed in vivo. Gap junctions in vertebrates are known to be formed by a much larger family of proteins known asconnexin s.Pannexins are involved in early stages of innate immunity through their interaction with the P2X7 purinergic receptor. Activation of the pannexin channel through binding of ATP to P2X7 receptor leads to the release of
IL-1 β.So far three pannexins have been described in rodent and human genomes: Panx1, Panx2 and Panx3. Hypothetical roles of pannexins in the nervous system include participating in sensory processing, synchronization between
hippocampus and cortex, hippocampal plasticity, and propagation of the calcium waves. Calcium waves are supported by glial cells, which help maintain and modulate neuronalmetabolism . According to one of the hypothesis, Pannexins also may participate in pathological reactions, including the neural damage after ischemia and subsequent cell death.Pannexins may also be involved in the process of
tumorigenesis . Particularly, PANX2 expression levels predict post diagnosis survival for patients with glial tumors.Probenecid , a well-established drug for the treatment ofgout , allows for discrimination between channels formed byconnexin s and pannexins.Probenecid did not affect channels formed by connexins.External links
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