12 Victoria

Infobox Planet | discovery=yes | physical_characteristics = yes | bgcolour=#FFFFC0
name=12 Victoria
symbol=
discoverer=John Russell Hind
discovered=September 13, 1850
alt_names="none"


mp_category=Main belt
epoch=July 14, 2004 (JD 2453200.5)
semimajor=349.166 Gm (2.334 AU)
perihelion=272.097 Gm (1.819 AU)
aphelion=426.234 Gm (2.849 AU)
eccentricity=0.221
period=1302.439 d (3.57 a)
inclination=8.363°
asc_node=235.547°
arg_peri=69.747°
mean_anomaly=80.591°
avg_speed=19.50 km/s
dimensions=112.8 km
mass=1.5×10¹⁸ kg
density=2 ? g/cm³
surface_grav=0.0315 m/s²
escape_velocity=0.0596 km/s
rotation=0.3609 d [ [http://www.astrosurf.com/aude-old/map_files/AstVarMAP01-2003.htm] Dead link|date=March 2008]
spectral_type=S-type asteroid
magnitude = 8.53 to 12.82
abs_magnitude=7.24
albedo=0.177 (geometric) [ [http://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/astdata04/simps04/diamalb.tab] Dead link|date=March 2008]
angular_size = 0.188" to 0.04"
single_temperature=~178 K

12 Victoria (pronEng|vɪkˈtɔəriə, _la. Uictōria) is a large Main belt asteroid.

It was discovered by J. R. Hind on September 13, 1850.

Victoria is officially named after the Roman goddess of victory, but the name also honours Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. The goddess Victoria (Nike for the Greeks) was the daughter of Styx by the Titan Pallas. The coincidence with the name of the then-reigning queen caused quite a controversy at the time, and B. A. Gould, editor of the prestigious Astronomical Journal, adopted the alternate name Clio (now used by 84 Klio), proposed by the discoverer. However, W. C. Bond, of the Harvard College Observatory, then the highest authority on astronomy in America, held that the mythological condition was fulfilled and the name therefore acceptable, and his opinion eventually prevailed.

Radar and speckle interferometry observations show that the shape of Victoria is elongated, and it is suspected to be a binary asteroid. [ [http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoonsq.html Other reports of asteroid/TNO companions ] ]

Victoria has been observed to occult stars 3 times.

References

External links

* [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=12;orb=1 Orbital simulation] from JPL (Java) / [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=12 Ephemeris]