Londrina

Infobox City
official_name = Londrina
nickname = "Flower city"
motto =

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imagesize = 250px
image_caption = Skyline of Londrina

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mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Londrina
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_type1 = Region
subdivision_type2 = State
subdivision_name = flagicon|BRA Brazil
subdivision_name1 = South
subdivision_name2 = Paraná
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Nedson Luis Micheleti(PT)
leader_title1 = Laerte
leader_name1 =
leader_title2 =
leader_name2 =
leader_title3 =
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established_title = Founded
established_date = December 10, 1934
established_title2 =
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established_title3 =
established_date3 =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 1.650
area_total_sq_mi = 637
area_land_km2 =
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area_water_km2 =
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area_urban_km2 =
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population_as_of = 2007
population_note =
population_total = 497.833
population_density_km2 = 300
population_density_sq_mi =
population_metro =
population_footnotes =
population_density_metro_km2 =
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timezone = UTC-3
utc_offset = -3
timezone_DST = UTC-2
utc_offset_DST = -2
latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS=
longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW=
elevation_m = 610
elevation_ft =
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postal_code =
blank_name = HDI (2000)
blank_info = 0.824 – high
website = [http://www.londrina.pr.gov.br Londrina, Paraná]

Londrina is a city located in the northern region of the state of the Paraná, Brazil, and is 369 km away from the capital, Curitiba. Londrina exerts great influence on Paraná and south region. Londrina has approximately 500 thousand inhabitants, being the second largest city of Paraná and the third largest city of the South Region of Brazil.

The city has a population of 497,833 (estimation IBGE, 2007), 742,071 (metropolitan area, estimation IBGE, 2007). It is a regional centre and is made up of commerce, services, agro-industries, and universities, including the State University of Londrina, UEL (Universidade Estadual de Londrina), which is famous for the quality of teaching and attracts students from all over the country.

Demography

Named after the British entrepeneurs who launched railroad stations in the region to ease the transportation of coffee grains from Northern Parana' and SO Sao Paulo states to the port of Santos, Londrina means "Londoner" in Portuguese. Thus the city's population consists of descendants of those settlers, Brazilians from other cities or states, Portuguese, English, Japanese, Italian, German, Polish, African, Spanish, Native, and Bulgarian Brazilians.

"Fonte: Censo 2000"

Climate

climate chart
Londrina
19.6|29.6|211
19.5|29.7|186
18.7|29.7|136
16.6|28.0|111
13.5|24.4|117
12.0|23.2|89
11.5|23.5|65
12.8|25.8|48
14.5|26.4|121
16.7|28.7|131
17.8|29.4|161
19.0|29.4|208
source= [http://200.201.27.14/Site/Sma/Estacoes_IAPAR/Londrina.htm] IAPAR
float=left
clear=none

climate chart
Londrina, Records
11|36.4|0
12.2|36|0
7|37|0
3.8|34.3|0
0|32|0
-1.0|30.3|0
-1.3|31.2|0
0.6|34.8|0
1.9|37.5|0
8|37|0
9.8|39.2|0
12|36.4|0
source= [http://200.201.27.14/Site/Sma/Estacoes_IAPAR/Londrina.htm] IAPAR
float=left
clear=none

Economy

Agriculture continues to be basic for Londrina, although its importance has diminished in recent years. Agricultural activity was diversified beyond coffee, and today corn or maize, wheat, cotton, rami or vegetables, beans, peanuts, rice, sugar cane, soy bean, and fruit plantations thrive due to the rich Northern Parana'/SO Sao Paulo State "terra roxa" crimson soil. Although the city has increased its industrial park by adding weaving, textile and agricultural factories, Londrina's forte continues to be agriculture. Today, Londrina is also known for its commerce and service industries. Moreover, real estate is another growing sector that has generated jobs and boosted even more the size of this thriving Northern Paranaense Pioneer city.

It possesses one of the largest universities in the country, the State University of Londrina, as well as other diverse, private colleges.

Education

Portuguese is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. But English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum.

Colleges and Universities

* Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL);
* Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR);
* Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR);
* Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR);
* Centro Universitário Filadéfia (UniFil);
* Faculdade Pitágoras;
* and many others.

Metropolitan region of Londrina

Instituted by State Complementary Law 81 on 17 June 1998, the Metropolitan Region of Londrina includes the cities of Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Sertanópolis, Bela Vista do Paraíso, Jataizinho, Rolândia, and Tamarana, totaling 750 thousand inhabitants.

The city

* The Londrina name pays homage to the English capital London (Londres in Portuguese), since an English cotton company made the original investment to settle in this area.
* The famous fertile land of the region, "terra rouxa" --purple soil, has this name due to a corruption and attempt to translate into Portuguese the term “terra rossa” (red soil, in Italian), which Italian immigrants used to call it.
* Located in Southern Brazil, Londrina is a somewhat humid city in Subtropical zone, with historical extremes ranging from - 4.7ºC(1975) to 42.8ºC (1998)
* The fertility of the soil is said to have originated in the biggest volcanic lava spill of the planet, known as The Spill of Trapp, that to a large extent occurred in the Center-South region of Brazil.
* The inhabitants of Northern Parana' state are often called “pé vermelho" --red foot-- because of their dust bowl-like region.
* During its golden era, together with the West bank of the Paraná River, Londrina helped produce 60 % of the coffee of the World.

ports

The city's football club is Londrina Esporte Clube, founded in 1956. The club plays at Café stadium, which has a maximum capacity of approximately 45,000 people.

Aeroporto de Londrina

Inesul/Londrina, owned by INESUL university, is the city's basketball club and it competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro de Basquete.

Notable sons and daughters of Londrina

*Flavia de Oliveira, model
*Giovane Élber, football player
*Rafinha, football player
*Naldo, football player
*Michelle Alves, model
*Ivo Pessoa, singer
*Gilberto Godoy (Giba), volleyball player, considered by many to be one of the world's best volleyball players (Gold medalist in 2004 Olympics)
*Rogério Romero, swimming, swimmer

External links

* [http://www.londrina.pr.gov.br/ Official homepage (in Portuguese)]
* [http://www.londrina.pr.gov.br/english Official homepage (in English)]