Scientific Time Sharing Corporation

Scientific Time Sharing Corporation (STSC) was a pioneering timesharing and consulting service company which offered APL from its datacenter in Bethesda, MD to users in the United States and Europe.

History

Scientific Time Sharing Corporation was formed in 1969 in Bethesda, Maryland with some of the people who originally implemented APL programming language, notably Philip S. Abrams, as a language at IBM. In 1970, STSC released APL*PLUS, a version of the APL360 language with many practical extensions oriented toward fostering business usage of APL. Together with I. P. Sharp Associates, STSC made numerous enhancements to the APL language, such as:
* [] FMT formatting
* [] VR and [] FX, APL program reflection features
* a file system for storing APL variables outside of the APL environment STSC continued to make enhancements to the interpreter, notably improving the performance of many of the primitive functions.

Dan Dyer of STSC and Ian Sharp of I. P. Sharp Associates jointly received the Iverson Award for their outstanding contributions to APL in 1985.

The timesharing market started to collapse in the early 1980s, mostly due to the appearance of relatively inexpensive IBM mainframes, such as the IBM 4381, in the marketplace. STSC quickly changed its focus to supply APL services for in-house and the rapidly developing personal computer market.

In 1982, STSC released APL*Plus/PC, which was an extremely successful APL interpreter for the IBM personal computer. In the mid 1980s, STSC developed the APL*PLUS/Unix interpreter, a full 32 bit interpreter which was the basis of further APL development, notably APL*PLUS/386, which was later available for Intel 386 class machines and higher. Arguably, the APL*Plus/386 interpreter fostered the exodus of APL applications from the mainframe to the PC environment, as finally the hardware and software were correctly matched to allow an easy migration away from the mainframe.

In the mid 1980s, STSC released an APL Compiler for its APL*Plus add-on for the IBM VSAPL program product. Along with language features designed to profile code execution, this compiler implementation was oriented toward replacing resource-consuming functions in place with compiled ones, leading to overall performance improvements.

By the mid 1990s, the APL*Plus/386 system had become one of the leading APL interpreters in the market, however it did not run under the then-new Microsoft Windows 3.1. Although there were some attempts at Windows interoperability, development on the APL*Plus/Win product began shortly before the APL products were sold to LEX2000. This latest Windows product is the basis for the current APLNow (formerly APL2000) interpreter product line.

Timeline

* 1969 - Scientific Time Sharing Corporation formed
* 1979 - the company name was changed to STSC, Inc.
* 1982 - APL*PLUS/PC launched, one of the first versions of APL on the personal computer
* 1982 - acquired by Continental Telecom Inc.
* 1992 - name changed to Manugistics
* 1993 - initial public offering
* 1995 - the APL product line was sold to LEX2000, Inc.
* 1999 - Cognos Corporation acquired LEX2000

Manugistics continued to own all supply chain software.

See also

* Manugistics: later incarnation of STSC, today supply-chain software
* I. P. Sharp Associates

External links

* [http://www.thocp.net/software/languages/apl.htm APL programming language - Chronology]