Fallacy — In logic and rhetoric, a fallacy is usually incorrect argumentation in reasoning resulting in a misconception or presumption. By accident or design, fallacies may exploit emotional triggers in the listener or interlocutor (appeal to emotion), or… … Wikipedia
Fallacy of four terms — The fallacy of four terms (Latin: quaternio terminorum ) is the logical fallacy that occurs when a categorical syllogism has four terms.Valid categorical syllogisms always have three terms::Major premise: All fish have fins.:Minor premise: All… … Wikipedia
Fallacy of the undistributed middle — The fallacy of the undistributed middle is a logical fallacy that is committed when the middle term in a categorical syllogism isn t distributed. It is thus a syllogistic fallacy. Pattern The fallacy of the undistributed middle takes the… … Wikipedia
Fallacy of exclusive premises — The fallacy of exclusive premises is a formal fallacy committed in a categorical syllogism that is invalid because both of its premises are negative. Example: : No mammals are fish. : Some fish are not whales. : Therefore, some whales are not… … Wikipedia
Naturalistic fallacy — The naturalistic fallacy is often claimed to be a formal fallacy. It was described and named by British philosopher G. E. Moore in his 1903 book Principia Ethica. Moore stated that a naturalistic fallacy is committed whenever a philosopher… … Wikipedia
Deductive fallacy — A deductive fallacy is defined as a deductive argument that is invalid. The argument itself could have true premises, but still have a false conclusion.[1] Thus, a deductive fallacy is a fallacy where deduction goes wrong, and is no longer a… … Wikipedia
Masked man fallacy — The masked man fallacy is a fallacy of formal logic in which substitution of identical designators[clarification needed] in a true statement can lead to a false one. One form of the fallacy may be summarized as follows: Premise 1: I know who X is … Wikipedia
Existential fallacy — The existential fallacy, or existential instantiation, is a logical fallacy committed in a categorical syllogism that is invalid because it has two universal premises and a particular conclusion. In other words, for the conclusion to be true, at… … Wikipedia
Association fallacy — An association fallacy is an inductive formal fallacy of the type hasty generalization or red herring which asserts that qualities of one thing are inherently qualities of another, merely by an irrelevant association. The two types are sometimes… … Wikipedia
Syllogism — A syllogism (Greek: συλλογισμός – syllogismos – conclusion, inference ) is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two or more others (the premises) of a certain form. In antiquity, there were… … Wikipedia
