Yunnan University

Infobox_University
name =Yunnan University
native_name =云南大学
latin_name =


caption =Motto of Yunnan University
motto ="Perfection in Moral Integrity, Excellence in Scholarly Attainments, and Greatness in Career Pursuits"
established =December 1922
type =Public
city =Kunming
province =Yunnan
country =China
enrollment =19,872 [http://www.ynu.edu.cn/english/generali.htm General Information ] ]
undergrad =9,919
postgrad =2,853
doctoral =94
staff =2,372
president =Prof. Wu Song
campus =Urban
colors =
colours =
mascot =
nickname =Yunda
affiliations =Project 211, GMSARN
free_label =
free =
website = [http://www.ynu.edu.cn/ www.ynu.edu.cn]

Yunnan University ( _zh. 云南大学) is one of the largest and most prestigious universities in Yunnan, China. Its main campuses are located in the provincial capital city of Kunming. It has been developed into the only "National Key University" in Yunnan province, having trained over 17,000 specialist professionals in various fields.

Founded in December 1922, Yunnan University started to enroll in April 1923. It began as a privately run institution called the "University of the Eastern Land" and its name has changed six times since then. Currently, Yunnan University is one of the "Project 211" universities in China authorized by the central government to be specially developed. Yunnan University has also been included on the list of the key national universities for the "China Western Development" program.

History

Yunnan University was founded in December 1922 by General Tang Jiyao, the warlord who controlled Yunnan province in the 1920s. The University began to enroll students on April 20, 1923. It started as the privately run "Dong Lu University" ("Dong Lu" means "Eastern Road" or "Eastern Land"). The name has changed six times in the past 80 years, but the present name dates from 1934. It is known locally as "Yunda". Following typical abbreviations for Chinese universities, "Yun" is an abbreviation of "Yunnan" and "da" is an abbreviation of "daxue", the Chinese word for "university".

Yunnan became famous during World War II. Since Kunming was not directly involved in the fighting, a great many excellent Chinese scholars, in particular from Beijing and Nanjing, many of these with PhDs from well-known American universities, retreated from the northern war zone. Most of them taught at a newly-created National Southwestern Associated University (also called "Lianda"). Several of them, however, for various reasons, ended up teaching at Yunnan University. There they found a distinct French influence. The president of Yunnan University had a PhD from the Sorbonne. The university also had an active language training program in French, which has continued to this day.

From 1937 through to 1947, the noted mathematician Professor Xiong Qinglai was invited to become the President of Yunnan University, under whose leadership Yunnan University was restructured along the same academic model as Tsinghua University. A cluster of famous scholars, such as Fei Xiaotong, Chu Tunan, Chen Xingshen, Hua Luogen, Yan Jici, Feng Youlan, Lu Shuxiang came to teach at Yunnan University, and thus gradually turned the institution into a general university that had exerted a certain degree of academic influence at home and abroad. In 1946, Yunnan University had five faculties and 18 academic departments, and was included in the "Concise Encyclopædia Britannica" as one of the fifteen most prestigious universities in China.

During the early 1950s, the government began reforming the Chinese education system which had affected every university. Most departments were weeded out, and by 1958, there were only two faculties and six academic departments left in Yunnan University. Again like all other Chinese universities, Yunnan experienced a difficult period from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s due to events such as the Cultural Revolution. However, the situation improved remarkably thereafter when the reform era began in the late 1970s.

Environment

Yunnan University is situated in the city of Kunming, the provincial capital of Yunnan noted for its mild climate. The university occupies an area of 426,669 sq m, of which 350,000 sq m are built up with teaching, library and research facilities. Its main campus faces the Green Lake Park, a winter haunt for the Siberian Black-headed Gull. The campus is covered with the green shade of ginkgo and is surrounded by stretches of cherry and plum trees. The university is also next to the Yuantong Hill, a zoological park known for its rare animal and bird species.

Curricula

Yunnan University has now developed into a National Key University with a large group of academic professionals offering courses covered by a comprehensive curricula in the fields of the liberal arts, law, science, technology, economics, and management.

Students studying on the campus of Yunnan University have reached 19,872, of whom 9,919 are full-time undergraduates, 2,853 are postgraduates (94 are studying for their doctorate, 684 are studying for their master's, 1,842 are studying advanced postgraduate courses, 170 are studying for their degrees in the specialist law programs, and 63 are studying for their degrees in the advanced class for teaching), and 7,100 are students under night-class and correspondence programs.

Faculty and staff

Yunnan University retains a faculty and working staff of 2,372 persons, and among them 1,981 persons are the specialized professionals. 222 persons are full professors, 409 are associate professors, and 987 are full-time instructors. 683 instructors have an obtained a doctorate or master's degree.

Academic departments

Yunnan University currently has the following schools, colleges and institutes under its administration:

*School of Economy
*School of Adult Education
*School of Humanity and Liberal Arts
*School of Life Science and Chemistry
*School of Information
*School of Science
*Institute for Development Research
*School of Occupational Technology
*School of Law
*School of Public Management
*School of Business Administration and Tourism Management
*School of Foreign Languages
*International College of Modern Design Arts
*School of Medicine
*School of International Relations
*School of International Cultures
*School of the Dianchi Lake
*School of Tourism Culture (at Lijiang)
*School of Software Engineering

In these schools, colleges and institutes there are more than 30 teaching departments and divisions that offer 65 major fields of study for the four-year programs for undergraduates to obtain baccalaureates.

Additionally, Yunnan University also has 16 centers for research and development, 25 research institutes, ten research offices, and four teaching-oriented service centers.

In the above-described major fields of study, History, Biology, Mathematical Science are established for the purpose of training teaching and research professionals at the national level (and Yunnan University is applying to the Ministry of Education for its approval to set up a state-level experimental base for the comprehensive quality training in liberal arts.) Yunnan University also has established a state-level base for training professional teachers.

Among its disciplinary branches, Yunnan University has two key state-level disciplinary groups under the current construction, sixteen key provincial-level disciplines, four doctorate degree conferring points, one post-doctorate-degree-related mobile station, forty-eight master's degree conferring points, three specialized degree (law, occupational education and MBA) conferring points, one state-level center for new product research and development, and one key laboratory of the Ministry of Education.

Campus

Due to the limited ability to expand in the center of the city, the university has recently developed a second main campus at YangPu, roughly a 45-minute bus ride from its original campus. Its first year of operation was the 2004-05 academic year, though many of the buildings and even the road out to the campus had not been completed at the time.

Undergraduates were transferred to the new campus one year at a time. All have now been moved out to the new campus. It is a much larger campus than its counterpart at Green Lake, which is being retained as the focus of graduate study.

Even though the new campus is only very recently been built and put into full operation, plans have now been introduced to sell it and move to a new location in an area west of the lake which municipal officials have designated as the chief zone for expansion of the city.

Library

The library houses a collection of over 1.2 millions books, some of which are rare copies of valuable historical literature. Access, cataloging, circulation, and public retrieval are under a computerized network management system.

Herbarium

The university has a sizable herbarium, believed to be the second oldest in the province after the Kunming Institute of Botany. The herbarium specializes in the Pteridophytes of China, especially those of southwestern China. It has for many years been directed by Chu Weiming.

Technology transfer

On April 27, 1998, the Yunnan University Science and Technology Corporation shares were issued on the stock markets in China, and Yunnan University has become the eighth among more than 1,000 higher education institutes in China that own their share-issuing hi-tech companies or corporations.

The popularization and application of the major product Yunda-120 growth regulator produced by the Science and Technology Corporation has reached 67 billion square meters in terms of use in cultivated areas.

Within a brief period, the corporation, starting from a research group that had only a fund of a little more than 10,000 yuan, has developed into a share-issuing corporation with a total value in excess of 10 billion yuan.

Biological Technology Corporation of Yunnan University is the first enterprise in China that owns an independent intellectual property right in the field of the single clone antibody research, and its products of contraceptive test paper, and sterility test paper have been adopted for codifying China's national standards.

Publishing house

Yunnan University has a publishing house which has produced over two million volumes of various academic works. Yunnan University's academic periodical "Ideological Frontier" (Social Science Version) has obtained the status of the "Kernel National Periodicals", and the "Academic Journal of Yunnan University" (Natural Science Version) has been judged as an excellent academic journal of the key national universities and colleges.

Attachments

Yunnan University also has a high school, a high school of foreign language and a kindergarten attached to it.

cientific research

Yunda has from the very beginning attached great importance to the pursuit of scientific research, closely following international disciplines. It is, for example, a leader in ecology. Its Institute of Ecology and Geobotany has produced nationally-utilized texts on plant community classification and plant ecology. ("Geobotany" is a term from Russian and continental European science which entails classifying and analyzing the geographical distribution of the flora of a province or nation; it is called "Phytogeography" in English-speaking countries).

Fund

The Yunnan University Fund is an acting council member of the Fund of Universities and Colleges of China. Through its development Yunnan University Fund has now held nearly seventy Chinese and overseas directors. They have brought many scholars who have promoted the reform, construction and development of Yunnan University.

International cooperation

In recent years, Yunda has established different levels of exchange relations with more than 50 institutions of higher learning and research organizations in more than twenty countries and regions such as United States, Great Britain, Russia, Japan, Australia, etc It has sent out more than 200 persons on academic exchanges and cooperative research abroad and has successfully sponsored more than ten international academic conferences.

ee also

*Higher education in China
*List of universities in the People's Republic of China

References

External links

* [http://www.ynu.edu.cn/ Yunnan University] - official website
* [http://www.ynu.edu.cn/english/ English version]