- Elocution
Elocution is the study of formal speaking in
pronunciation ,grammar , style, and tone.History
In Western classical
rhetoric , one of the five core disciplines waspronuntiatio , which was the art of delivering speeches. Orators were trained not only on properdiction , but on the proper use of gestures, stance, and dress. (Another area of rhetoric,elocutio , was unrelated to "elocution" and, instead, concerned the style of writing proper to discourse.)Elocution emerged as a formal discipline during the eighteenth century. One of its important figures was
Thomas Sheridan , actor and father ofRichard Brinsley Sheridan . Thomas Sheridan's lectures on elocution, collected in "Lectures on Elocution" (1762) and his "Lectures on Reading" (1775), provided directions for marking and reading aloud passages from literature. Another actor, John Walker, published his two-volume "Elements of Elocution" in 1781, which provided detailed instruction on voice control, gestures, pronunciation, and emphasis.With the publication of these works and similar ones, elocution gained wider public interest. While training on proper speaking had been an important part of private education for many centuries, the rise in the nineteenth century of a middle class in Western countries (and the corresponding rise of public education) led to great interest in the teaching of elocution, and it became a staple of the school curriculum.
ample curriculum
An example of this can be seen in the Table of Contents of McGuffey's "New Sixth Eclectic Reader" of 1857 :
:Principles of Elocution::I. Articulation::II. Inflections::III. Accent and Emphasis::IV. Instructions for Reading Verse::V. The Voice::VI. Gesture
:"New Sixth Reader". Exercises in Articulation::Exercise I. -- The Grotto of Antiparos::Exercise II. -- The Thunder Storm::Exercise III. -- Description of a Storm::IV. Hymn to the Night-Wind::V. -- The Cataract of Lodore:On Inflection ::VI. -- Industry Necessary for the Orator::VII. -- The Old House Clock ["etc."]
ee also
*
Philology
*Diction External links
* [http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/text-idx?c=nietz Digital library of old American textbooks]
* [http://www.assumption.edu/ahc/rhetoric/oratorybooks.html An article on oratory in 19th century education]
* [http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moa;idno=AJD1102.0001.001 Digital facsimile of A.A. Griffith's "Lessons in Elocution", 1865]
* [http://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&id=L1gCAAAAYAAJ&dq=elocution&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=AVHOkZSwW8&sig=RHRFpiPH6cq6QjInUhfc9n48FCw#PPA1,M1 Digital Book "Lessons in Elocution" by William Scott, 1820]
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