Richard Leveridge

Richard Leveridge (19 July 1670 – 22 March 1758) was an English bass singer of the London stage and a composer of baroque music, including many popular songs.

He was born in in the parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, in 1670, and in 1695 became the leading bass singer in the company with which Henry Purcell worked, playing roles such as the magician Ismeron in "The Indian Queen", where he sang the major aria "Ye twice ten hundred deities". [ [http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/O007827?q=Leveridge&hbutton_search.x=0&hbutton_search.y=0&hbutton_search=search&source=omo_t237&source=omo_gmo&source=omo_t114&search=quick&pos=1&_start=1 "The New Grove Dictionary of Opera": "Leveridge, Richard"] ] After Purcell's death he continued to work for composers Daniel Purcell and Jeremiah Clarke. Leveridge also began to compose himself, and in February 1699 all three provided music for an adaptation of Fletcher's "The Island Princess", in which Leveridge's performance was widely acclaimed.

Two books of his songs were published in 1697 and 1699, and his popular theatre songs also appeared as single sheet music. After a spell in Dublin he returned to London in 1702 for a revival of "The Island Princess" and a new production of "Macbeth" billed as "with music Vocal and Instrumental, all new Composed by Mr Leveridge". He sang the role of Hecate in this work for nearly 50 years, and the music remained popular for more than a century after his death.

Leveridge became involved in the new trend for operas in the Italian style from 1705. He then began a short association with Handel in 1713 to 1714, and acted in the first performances of "Il pastor fido" and "Teseo" and played Argantes in a revival of "Rinaldo". Later in his career, in 1731, he played the role of Polypheme in the first public performance of "Acis and Galatea", and several of Handel's Italian arias were published with English translations by Leveridge.

In 1714 he moved to work at the new theatre at Lincoln's Inn Fields, managed by entrepreneur John Rich. Remaining there for most of his career, he returned to his English repertoire and a new form, the musical afterpiece. These lightweight works were often comic, and in 1716 Leveridge produced his own afterpiece, "Pyramus and Thisbe". For this comic parody of Italian opera, he wrote the music, adapting the words from Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", and sang the role of Pyramus. [Olive Baldwin and Thelma Wilson, "Leveridge, Richard (1670–1758)", "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/16536, accessed 12 July 2008] ]

From the 1720s he was the leading bass at Lincoln's Inn Fields and then at Covent Garden. His repertory exploited his firm and powerful voice, and his tunes often became popular favourites. He composed over 150 songs, and is best known for the patriotic ballad "The Roast Beef of Old England".

In between engagements Leveridge ran a coffee shop in Tavistock Street near Covent Garden, but enjoyed good health and reduced his performances only in the last few seasons before retiring in 1751. He died at his lodgings in High Holborn, London, in 1758.

Recorded works

Recordings of works by Richard Leveridge include the songs "Black and gloomy as the grave", ["Sound the Trumpets from Shore to Shore", Musica Oscura.] "When daisies pied and violets blue", ["Orpheus with His Lute: Music for Shakespeare", Hyperion.] and "The Roast Beef of Old England". ["English National Songs", Saydisc.]

References