League Park (Cincinnati)

Infobox Stadium
stadium_name = Cincinnati's League Park
nickname =


location = Findlay St. & McLean Ave. Cincinnati, Ohio
broke_ground = 1884
opened = May 1, 1884
renovated = April 20, 1894
expanded =
closed = October 2, 1901
demolished = 1901
owner =
operator =
surface = Grass
construction_cost =
architect =
former_names = American Park (1884-1890)
tenants = Cincinnati Reds (AA) (1884-1889)
Cincinnati Reds (NL) (1890-1901)
seating_capacity = 3,000
dimensions = Left Field - 253 ft (77.1 m)

League Park was a Major League baseball park located in Cincinnati, Ohio. It was the home of the Cincinnati Reds from 1884 through 1901.

The ballpark was on an asymmetrical block bounded by Findlay Street (south), Western Avenue (northeast, angling), York Street (north) and McLean Avenue (west). The "Findlay and Western" intersection was the home field of the Reds from 1884 through June 24, 1970, when the team moved to Riverfront Stadium.

The location of the diamond and consequently the main grandstand seating area was shifted several times during the park's existence. Some of the moves resulted in different names being assigned to the ballpark during its 86 1/2 seasons of use:

:1884-1901: League Park:1902-1911: Palace of the Fans:1912-1970: Redland Field, renamed Crosley Field in 1934

History

The Cincinnati Reds, who were initially members of the National League, were dropped by the League after the 1880 season. The club bided its time, and joined the new American Association in 1882, winning that league's first pennant. At that point the Reds were playing their home games at the Bank Street Grounds. Following the 1883 season, the Reds were forced to abandon the Bank Street Grounds, because the lease had been bought out from under them by the new Cincinnati entry in the one-year wonder called the Union Association.

The Reds had to find a new location, and they found one less than a mile away from their old park, a few blocks to the southeast on Western Avenue, at the northwest corner of where Findlay Street intersected Western. Thus the Reds remained in the West End, and fans had only to traverse Western Avenue to see the team of their choice.

The new facility was variously called Cincinnati Base Ball Grounds (or Park), Western Avenue Grounds, American Park (while in the AA), and then its most enduring pre-1912 name, League Park (beginning 1890). The small grandstand for the new park was built in the southeast corner of the block, tucked into the actue angle made by the intersection. Although the diamond would be moved back and forth between the southeast and the southwest corners several times, the little 1884 structure would be retained for 28 seasons, and would come in handy. However, it got off to a bad start. It was constructed hastily, and during the opening day game a portion of the stand collapsed, killing one spectator and injuring several others.

The park was also very short to right field, with balls hit over the right field fence counting only as a double, until additional land was acquired a few weeks into the season. This increased the distance to right by 50 feet and made the field normal-sized.

The first game to be played at American Park was on April 9th, 1884. It was an exhibition game against the then National League Cleveland Blues. The Reds first official home opening day at American Park was on May 1, 1884 against their American Association rival the Columbus Buckeyes. Cincinnati lost that game 10-9 in heartbreaking fashion.

The season itself saw a good deal of competition between the Reds and the Unions. Although many called the Union the "Onion League" due to its lopsided distribution of talent, the Cincinnati Unions were a fairly strong team and drew fans away from the Reds. Once the Union folded, the Reds opted to remain at Findlay and Western, and would continue to do so for the better part of nine decades. Thus the Reds had the city to themselves in 1885.

Although the Reds were not participants in the 1885 World Series, their ballpark was. The contest, between the Chicago White Stockings of the NL and the St. Louis Browns of the AA, staged some of its games at neutral sites. The Reds' ballpark was the site for the final two games of the Series, a disputed match that officially ended in a draw.

When the Reds returned to the National League in 1890, the name of the park would come to be known as League Park, in reference to the team's original and now current circuit. In those days, the National League was typically referred to in media as "the League", since there was only one "League" and (for ten years) one "Association".

In 1894 the ballpark went through some major changes. The owner of the Reds, John Brush, would build a brand new grandstand and add an amphitheater. In order to build a new grandstand he had the diamond shifted from the southeast corner (Findlay and Western) to the southwest corner (Findlay and McLean). Brush chose to retain the old seating as a right field pavilion. This would prove to be a wise decision.

The name of the ballpark was not changed. Because of the relocated diamond, some historians refer to it as League Park II. The center field area was painted black in 1895 to form a batter's eye screen. Some sources (such as Benson) claim this was the first such screen in baseball.

In 1900 the ballpark caught on fire, burning the 1894 grandstand. The Reds considered moving to East End Park where the Cincinnati Kellys had played in 1891. Instead, they opted to shift the diamond back to its original location in the southeast corner, reusing the original grandstand, which was not significantly harmed in the fire due to a gap between the two seating areas.

After a season and a half of playing in the charred ballpark, the Reds built what they expected to be a more permanent new grandstand, again in the southwest corner, and again retaining the original seating, and again with a gap between the seating areas that would prove fortuitous. The original seating had changed somewhat over time, as the middle section no longer sat higher than the rest, and the entire structure was roofed.

The look of the new grandstand was striking, and the owners came up with a striking new name for the park: Palace of the Fans.

succession box
title = Home of the
Cincinnati Reds
years = 1884 – 1901
before = Bank Street Grounds
after = Palace of the Fans

Sources

*"Cincinnati's Crosley Field: The Illustrated History of a Classic Ballpark" by Greg Rhodes and John Erardi, 1995, Road West Publishing
* [http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ "Baseball Library.com"]
*"Green Cathedrals", by Phil Lowry, 1992
*"Baseball Parks of North America", by Michael Benson, 1989
*"The Cincinnati Reds", by Lee Allen, Putnam, 1948.

External links

* [http://www.cincysportshistory.com/Ballparks/LeaguePark.htm Cincy Sports History]