Leith Hill

Infobox Mountain
Name = Leith Hill
Photo = Leith_hill_07.jpg
Caption =
Elevation = 294 m (965 ft)
Location = Surrey, England
Range =
Prominence = 249 m
Parent peak = Dunkery Beacon
Coordinates = coord |51.1757|-0.3697|display=inline,title|type:mountain
Topographic
OS "Landranger" 187
Type =
Age =
Last eruption =
First ascent =
Easiest route =
Grid_ref_UK = TQ139431
Grid_ref_Ireland =
Listing = Marilyn, County Top
Translation =
Language =
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Leith Hill to the south west of Dorking, Surrey, England, reaches 294 metres (965 ft) above sea level, the highest point on the Greensand Ridge, [Gallois RW and Edmunds FH (1965) British Regional Geology: The Wealden District published by the National Environment Research Council: Institute of Geological Sciences] and is either the highest or second highest point in south-east England, depending on whether one counts Walbury Hill near Hungerford, West Berkshire which is 297 metres (974 ft) high, as being in southeast England. One can see woods, rhododendrons, bluebells and magnificent views from the many walks. It was possibly on the summit of Leith Hill in 851, that Ethelwulf, father of Alfred the Great, defeated the Danes who were heading for Winchester, having sacked Canterbury and London.

Leith Hill Tower

On the summit of Leith Hill is an 18th century Gothic tower, with panoramic views northwards to London and the English Channel to the south. Richard Hull of nearby Leith Hill Place (once home to the composer Ralph Vaughan Williams) built "Prospect House" in the years 1765 to 1766, later to become known as Leith Hill Tower, with the intention of raising the hill above convert|1000|ft|m|abbr=on above sea level. The tower is 19.5m (64 ft) high and consisted of two rooms "neatly furnished", with a Latin inscription above the door announcing that it had been built for not only his own pleasure, but also for the enjoyment of others. Hull provided visitors with prospect glasses, similar to a small telescope, through which to survey the extensive views towards London and the English Channel, each some 40 kilometres (25 miles) away, and thirteen counties on a very clear day.

When he died in 1772, at his request he was buried under the tower, upside-down as he believed that at Judgement Day the world would be turned on its headFact|date=February 2007. Following his death, the building was stripped of its contents, doors and windows, and fell into ruin. As a result the tower was filled with rubble and concrete, and the entrance bricked up.

In 1864, Mr Evelyn of nearby Wotton House decided to reopen it, but the concrete made this difficult, and so the additional turreted side-tower was added to allow access to the top of the tower.

The nearest railway station is Holmwood Station, two miles (3 km) to the east. This station is served by Southern trains on the Sutton & Mole Valley Line route.

The National Trust's Involvement

The tower was fully restored by the National Trust in 1984. This restoration included the removal of rubble and concrete, fitting safety features such as a handrail along the narrow staircase and converting the lower portion of the tower into a national trust shop. Leith Hill Tower is open to the public (weekends throughout the year, and Wednesdays and Fridays in summer), with a comprehensive display explaining the history of the tower and giving opinions and memories of local people.

References

External links

* [http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-vh/w-visits/w-findaplace/w-leithhill/ Leith Hill information at the National Trust]
* Computer generated summit panoramas [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ENG/Leith-N.gifNorth] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ENG/Leith-S.gifSouth] [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas.html index]