RAF Bodney

Infobox Military Structure
name= Royal Air Force Station Bodney
USAAF Station 141
location= Located Near Watton, Norfolk, England
coordinates=coord|52|33|34|N|0|43|25|E|


caption= Aerial Photo of Bodney Airfield - 6 July 1946
type= Military airfield
code=BO
built=1940
builder=
materials=
height=
used=1940-1945
demolished=
condition=
ownership=
controlledby=Royal Air Force
United States Army Air Forces
garrison= RAF Bomber Command
Eighth Air Force
commanders=
occupants=No. 2 Group
352d Fighter Group
battles= European Theatre of World War II
Air Offensive, Europe July 1942 - May 1945 Location map|Norfolk
caption= RAF Bodney, shown within Norfolk
lat= 52.558
long= 0.713
width= 200

RAF Bodney is a former World War II RAF Station and USAAF airfield in England. The field is located 4½ miles west of Watton in Norfolk.

RAF Bomber Command use

Bodney was established in 1940 as a satellite field for RAF Watton. The airfield was grass-surfaced and located on slightly rolling land with a hard surface perimeter track.

Initially it was used by aircraft of No. 21 Squadron RAF and No. 82 Squadron RAF (No. 2 Group RAF Bomber Command. They carried operations over France and later Holland and even Norway. Their Bristol Blenheim IVs were joined on occasions by, in May 1941, No. 90 Squadron, RAF evaulating its new B-17 Flying Fortress Mk1s [The first RAF unit to use the American bomber operationally over Europe] some Hampdens for mining operations. 90 squadron suffered heavy casualties and the use of the Fortress I discontinued. Towards October 1942, the Blenheims were changed to Lockheed Venturas but the squadron moved on to RAF Methwold before the Venturas were operational.

USAAF use

In the summer of 1943 Bodney was turned over to the USAAF and was assigned designation Station 141. The field was then prepared for the use of the Eighth Air Force. Improvements to the field included the addition of steel mat and pierced-steel planking hardstands for use by the American fighters and extra taxiways and roads laid down in macadam and concrete.

352nd Fighter Group

The airfield was opened in May 1943 and was used by the United States Army Air Force Eighth Air Force 352d Fighter Group. The group was under the command of the 67th Fighter Wing of the VIII Fighter Command.

The group consisted of three squadrons: 328th Fighter Squadron (PE), 486th Fighter Squadron (PZ) and the 487th Fighter Squadron (HO).

The 352d arrived at Bodney during June 1943 from Republic AAF New York and began combat operations in July but the group was not wholly operational until September. Initially using P-47 Thunderbolts, until they received drop tanks, the missions were largely limited to the Dutch coast. The group flew numerous escort missions to cover the operations of bombers that attacked factories, V-weapon sites, submarine pens, and other targets on the Continent.

The 352d participated in missions that bombers struck German aircraft factories during Big Week, 20-25 February 1944, and after conversion to P-51s, received a Distinguished Unit Citation for performance in Germany on 8 May 1944 while escorting bombers to targets in Brunswick, the group routed an attack by a numerically superior force of German interceptors and then continued the battle against the enemy planes until lack of ammunition and shortage of fuel forced the group to withdraw and return to its base.

Re-equipped with the P-51 Mustang on April 8, the group flew counter-air patrols, and on many occasions strafed and dive-bombed airfields, locomotives, vehicles, troops, gun positions, and various other targets. P-51s of the 352d were identified by solid blue cowlings and rudders, for which the group was nicknamed "The Blue Nosed Bastards of Bodney".

The Group supported the invasion of Normandy in June 1944 by strafing and dive-bombing enemy communications, assisted the Allies in breaking through the German line at Saint-Lôin July, and participated in the airborne attack on Holland in September.

After the Germans launched a counteroffensive in the Ardennes in December 1944, the group's planes and pilots were sent to Chievres Belgium and placed under the control of Ninth Air Force for operations in the Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944-Jan 1945).

During that battle, on 1 January 1945, action by the detachment earned for the group the French Croix de Guerre with Palm: just as 12 of the detachment's planes were taking off for an area patrol, the airdrome was attacked by about 50 German fighters; in the aerial battle that followed, the 352d shot down almost half the enemy planes without losing any of its own.

In February 1945 the remainder of the group joined the detachment at Chiveres Belgium for operations under the control of Eighth AF. While based on the Continent, the group participated in the airborne assault across the Rhine in March 1945.

The 352d Returned to Bodney in April and continued operations until a few days before V-E Day. The group returned to Camp Kilmer New Jersey and was deactivated on 10 November. The group flew 420 missions, 59,387 operational combat hours, destroyed 776 enemy aircraft and had 29 aerial aces.

Civil Use

With the end of military control, Bodney airfield was closed and was returned to agriculture in November 1945. Almost the entire facility was completely reverted to farmland, although a few derelict buildings remain as well as its control tower.

ee also

* List of RAF stations

Notes

References

* Freeman, Roger A. (1978) Airfields of the Eighth: Then and Now. After the Battle ISBN 0900913096
* Freeman, Roger A. (1991) The Mighty Eighth The Colour Record. Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35708-1
* Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0892010924.

*Smith, Graham "Norfolk Airfields in the Second World War" Countryside Books
* [http://www.controltowers.co.uk/B/Bodney.htm www.controltowers.co.uk Bodney]
* [http://mighty8thaf.preller.us/php/1Loc.php?Base=Bodney mighty8thaf.preller.us Bodney]
* [http://www.littlefriends.co.uk/352ndfg.php 352d Fighter Group on www.littlefriends.co.uk]
* [http://home.att.net/~jbaugher/usafserials.html USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers--1908 to present]

External links

* [http://www.geograph.org.uk/gridref/TL8460199259 Photographs of RAF Bodney from the Geograph British Isles project]
* [http://www.wartimememories.co.uk/airfields/bodney.html The Wartime Memories Project - RAF Bodney]
* [http://www.352ndfightergroup.com/ 352d Fighter Group website]
* [http://www.derelicte.co.uk/raf-bodney RAF Bodney] photos taken in 2007
* [http://8thcontrails.com/ipw-web/gallery/album27 RAF Bodney photo album]
* [http://www.multimap.com/map/photo.cgi?client=public&X=584000&Y=299000&scale=25000&width=700&height=400&gride=583900&gridn=299250&lang=&db=hcgaz&coordsys=gb Aerial photo of RAF Bodney from Multimap.Com]