List of horse breeds

s or other traits, which admit any animal fitting a given set of physical characteristics, even if there is minimal or no evidence of the trait being a true-breeding characteristic.

For additional information, see horse breeding and the individual articles listed below. Additional articles on different breeds may be listed under and .

Horse breeds

Horses are members of "Equus caballus" that generally mature to be 14.2 hands (convert|58|in|cm) or taller, but many breed registries do accept animals under this height and classify them as "horses," as horse characteristics include factors other than height. For the purposes of this page, if a breed registry or stud book classifies the breed as a horse, it is listed here as a horse, even if some representatives are pony-sized or have some pony characteristics.

* Abaco Barb, "see" Barb (horse)
* Abtenauer
* Abyssinian (horse)
* Aegidienberger
* Akhal-Teke
* Albanian (horse)
* Altai (horse)
* Alter Real
* American Cream Draft
* American Indian Horse
* American Paint Horse
* American Quarter Horse
* American Saddlebred
* American Warmblood
* Andalusian horse "some bloodlines also called" Pura Raza Española (PRE) or Pure Spanish-bred
* Andravida (horse)
* Anglo-Arabian
* Anglo-Kabarda
* Anglo-Norman horse
* Appaloosa
* "Appendix," see American Quarter Horse
* Arabian horse
* AraAppaloosa, "also called" Ara-Appaloosa, Arappaloosa or Araloosa
* Ardennes (horse), or Ardennais
* Argentine Criollo, see Criollo (horse)
* Asturcon
* Australian Brumby, "see" Brumby
* Australian Stock Horse
* Austrian Warmblood
* Auxois
* Avelignese, "see" Haflinger (horse)
* Azteca (horse)
* Balearic (horse)
*Balikun (horse)
* Baluchi (horse)
* Ban'ei
* Banker Horse
* Barb (horse)
* Bashkir Curly, "see" Curly horse
* Bavarian Warmblood
* Belgian (horse)
* Belgian Warmblood (includes Belgian Half-blood)
* Black Forest Horse, "also called" Black Forest cold blood "or" Schwarzwälder Kaltblut
* Boulonnais horse
* Brabant, "see" Belgian (horse)
* Brandenburger
* Brazilian Sport Horse (Brasileiro de Hipismo)
* Breton (horse), or Trait Breton
* Brumby
* Budyonny (horse) or Budenny
* Byelorussian Harness
* Calabrese (horse)
* Camargue (horse)
* Camarillo White Horse
* Campolina
* Canadian Horse
* Canadian Pacer
* Carolina Marsh Tacky
* Carthusian horse
* Castilian Horse
* Chilean Horse
* Cleveland Bay
* Clydesdale (horse)
* Colonial Spanish Horse, see Types of Horses, "below"
* Colorado Ranger
* Comtois (horse)
* Cretan horse
* Criollo (horse), "also spelled" Crioulo
* Cuban Criollo (horse)
* Curly Horse
* Czech warm blood
* Daliboz
* Danish Warmblood
* Danube Delta horse
* Dølahest or Dolahest
* Dole Trotter or Dole Gudbrandsdal
* Don, see Russian Don
* Dutch Heavy Draft
* Dutch harness horse
* Dutch Warmblood
* East Bulgarian
* East Friesian (horse), "see" Ostfriesen/Alt-Oldenburger
* Estonian Draft
* Falabella (horse)
* Faroese or Faroe horse, "see" Faroe pony in pony section
* Finnhorse, or Finnish Horse
* Fleuve
* Fjord horse "also called" Norwegian Fjord Horse
* Florida Cracker Horse
* Fouta or Foutanké
* Frederiksborg horse
* Freiberger
*Friesian cross or Friesian Sport Horse
* Friesian horse
* Friesian Sporthorse (not the same as Friesian cross)
* Galiceno or Galiceño
* Gelderland (horse)
* German Warmblood or ZfDP, "see" Types section, "below"
* Groningen Horse
* Gypsy Vanner horse, "sometimes called" "Coloured Cob"
* Hackney (horse)
* Haflinger (horse)
* Hanoverian (horse)
* Heck horse
* Heihe (horse)
* Hispano (horse) "also known as" Spanish Anglo-Arab
* Hirzai
* Holsteiner (horse)
* Hungarian Warmblood
* Icelandic horse
* Indian Half-Bred
* Iomud
* Irish Draught, "also spelled" Irish Draft
* Irish Sport Horse
* Italian Heavy Draft
* Jutland (horse)
* Kabarda (horse), "also known as" Kabardian "or" Kabardin
* Kaimanawa horses
* Karabair
* Karabakh horse
* Kathiawari
* Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse
* Kiger Mustang
* Kinsky horse
* Kisber Felver
* Kladruber
* Knabstrup
* Konik
* Kustanair
* Latvian (horse)
* Lipizzan or Lipizzaner
* Lithuanian Heavy Draught
* Lokai
* Lusitano
* Lyngshest, "see" Nordlandshest/ Lyngshest
* M'Bayar
* Malapolski
* Mangalarga
* Mangalarga Marchador
* Maremmano
* Marwari (horse)
* Messara
* Mezőhegyesi sport-horse (sportló), "also called " Mezőhegyes felver, "see" Hungarian Warmblood
* Metis Trotter, "see" Russian Trotter
* Miniature horse
* Misaki, "see" pony section
* Missouri Fox Trotter
* Mongolian Horse
* Morab
* Morgan horse
* Mustang (horse)
* Murakoz horse, Muräkozi, or Muraközi ló (Hungary)
* Murgese
* National Show Horse
* Nez Perce Horse
* Nokota horse
* Noma, "see" Noma pony, in Pony section
* Nonius (horse)
* Nordlandshest/ Lyngshest
* Noriker horse, "also called" Pinzgauer
* North Swedish Horse
* Norwegian Fjord, "see" Fjord horse
* Novokirghiz
* Oberlander Horse
* Oldenburg (horse), "also spelled" Oldenburgh
* Orlov trotter
*Ostfriesen/Alt-Oldenburger
* Pampa horse
* Paso Fino
* Percheron
* Peruvian Paso, "sometimes called" Peruvian Stepping Horse
* Pleven (horse)
* Poitevin (horse) "also called" Mulassier
* Przewalski's Horse, "also known as" Takhi, Mongolian Wild Horse "or" Asian Wild Horse. (Species, not a "breed" but here for convenience)
* Qatgani
* Quarab
* Quarter Horse, "see" American Quarter Horse
* Racking horse
* Rhenish-German Cold-Blood "also known as" Rhineland Heavy Draft
* Rhinelander (horse)
* Rocky Mountain Horse
*Rottaler, "see" Heavy warmblood
* Russian Don
* Russian Heavy Draft
* Russian Trotter
* Saddlebred, see American Saddlebred
* Salerno (horse breed)
* San Fratello (horse)
* Sardinian (horse), "also known as" Sardinian Anglo-Arab
* Selle Français
* Shagya Arabian
* Shire horse
* Sorraia
* Sokolsky horse
* Soviet Heavy Draft
*Spanish Jennet Horse, "not to be confused with" the historic Jennet or Spanish Jennet (see Archaic types, "below")
* Spanish Mustang
* Spanish Tarpan, "see" Sorraia
* Spotted Saddle horse
* Standardbred horse
* Suffolk Punch
* Swedish Ardennes
* Swedish Warmblood
* Swiss Warmblood
* Taishuh
* Tawleed
* Tchernomor, "see" Budyonny (horse)
* Tennessee Walking Horse
* Tersk horse
* Thoroughbred
* Tinker horse, "see" Gypsy Vanner horse
* Tiger Horse
* Tori (horse)
* Trait Du Nord
* Trakehner
* Tuigpaard, "see" Dutch harness horse
* Ukrainian Riding Horse
* Unmol Horse
* Uzunyayla
* Ventasso Horse (Cavallo Del Ventasso)
* Virginia highlander
* Vlaamperd
* Vladimir Heavy Draft
* Waler horse, "also known as" Waler or Australian Waler
* Walkaloosa
* Warmblood, "see" "Types of horses" "below," or individual warmblood breed articles
* Welsh Cob (Section D), "see" Welsh pony
* Westphalian (horse)
* Wielkopolski
* Württemberger or Württemberg
* Xilingol horse
* Yili horse
* Yonaguni (horse)
* Zangersheide
*Zweibrücker
* Žemaitukas, "also known as" Zemaituka, Zhumd, Zhemaichu, or Zhmudk, "see" Pony section.

Pony breeds

Ponies are usually classified as animals that mature at less than 14.2 hands. However, some pony breeds may occasionally have individuals who mature over 14.2 but retain all other breed characteristics. There are also some breeds that now frequently mature over 14.2 hands due to modern nutrition and management, yet retain the historic classification "pony." For the purposes of this list, if a breed registry classifies the breed as a "pony," it is listed here as such, even if some individuals have horse characteristics.

(Please note: Because of this designation by the preference of a given breed registry, most miniature horse breeds are listed as "horses," not ponies)

* American Shetland, "see "Shetland pony
* American Walking Pony
* Anadolu pony " also called" Anadolu Ati
* Ariegeois pony "also called" Merens Pony "or" Ariègeois
* Assateague Pony, "see" Chincoteague Pony
* Asturian pony, "see" Asturcon in horse section
* Australian Pony
*Australian Riding Pony
* Bali Pony
* Bardigiano Pony
* Bashkir Pony
* Basque Pony
* Basuto pony, "also spelled" Basotho pony
* Batak Pony
* Bhutia Pony, "also spelled" Bhotia Pony
* Boer Pony
* Bosnian Pony
* British Riding Pony, "see" Riding Pony in "types of horses" section
* Burmese Pony
* Carpathian Pony, "see" Hucul Pony
* Caspian pony
* Chincoteague Pony
* Chinese Guoxia
* Connemara pony
* Czechoslovakian Small Riding Pony
* Dales Pony
* Deli pony
* Dartmoor pony
* Deutsches Reitpony "see" German Riding Pony
* Dulmen pony
* Eriskay pony
* Exmoor pony
* Falabella, "see" Falabella (horse) in horse section
* Faroe pony
* Fell Pony
* Flores pony
* French Saddle Pony
* Galician Pony
* Garrano
* Gayoe
* German Riding Pony, "also called" Deutsche Reitpony "or" Weser-Ems Pony
* Gotland Pony
* Guizhou pony
* Gǔo-xìa pony, "see" Chinese Guoxia
* Hackney pony
* Highland Pony
* Hokkaido Pony
* Hucul Pony
*Hunter Pony, "see" "types of horses" section
* Icelandic pony, "see" Icelandic horse in horse section
*Indian Country Bred
* Java Pony
* Kazakh Pony
* Kerry bog pony
* Landais Pony
* Lijiang pony
* Lundy Pony
* Manipuri Pony
* Merens Pony, "see" Ariegeois pony
* Miniature horse, "see" horse section
* Misaki
* Miyako Pony
* Narym Pony
* New Forest Pony
* Newfoundland pony
* Noma pony
* Nooitgedacht pony
* Northlands Pony
* Ob pony "also called" Priob pony
* Peneia Pony
* Petiso Argentino
* Pindos Pony
* Poney Mousseye
* Pony of the Americas
* Pottok
* Riding Pony, "see" "types of horses" section
* Sable Island Pony
* Sandalwood Pony
* Sardinian Pony
* Shetland pony
* Skogsruss, "see" Gotland Pony
* Skyros Pony
* Spiti Pony
* Sumba and Sumbawa Pony
* Tibetan Pony
* Timor Pony
* Virginia highlander, see horse section
* Vyatka (horse)
* Welara
* Welsh pony
* Welsh mountain pony (Section A), "see" Welsh pony
* Welsh pony (Section B), "see" Welsh pony
* Welsh pony of cob type (Section C), "see" Welsh pony
* Yakut Pony
* Yonaguni, see horse section
* Zaniskari pony
* Žemaitukas, "also known as" Zemaituka, Zhumd, Zhemaichu, or Zhmudka

Color "breeds"

There are some registries that accept horses (and sometimes ponies and mules) of almost any breed or type for registration. Color is either the only criterion for registration or the primary criterion. These are called "color breeds," because unlike "true" horse breeds, there are few other physical requirements, nor is the stud book limited in any fashion. As a general rule, the color also does not always breed on (in some cases due to genetic impossibility), and offspring without the stated color are usually not eligible for recording with the color breed registry. The best-known color breed registries are for the following colors:
* Buckskin (horse)
* Palomino
* Pinto horse
* White (horse)s are registered in the United States with the American creme and white horse registry, which was once called an "Albino" registry until it was understood that true albino does not exist in horses. ("see White (horse) for details")

There are breeds that have color that usually breeds "true" as well as distinctive physical characteristics and a limited stud book. These horses are true breeds that have a preferred color, not color breeds, and include the Friesian horse, the Cleveland Bay, the Appaloosa, and the American Paint Horse.

Types of horses

A "type" of horse is not a breed but is simply a term used to describe a group of breeds that are similar in appearance (phenotype) or use. A type usually has no breed registry, and often encompasses several breeds. Horses of a given type may be registered as one of several different recognized breeds, or a term may include horses that are of no particular pedigree but meet a certain standard of appearance or use.

Modern types

*AQPS ("Autre Que Pur-Sang"), French designation for riding horses "other than Thoroughbred," usually referring to the Anglo-Arabian, Selle Francais and other Thoroughbred crosses.
*Baroque horse, "includes" heavily muscled, powerful, yet agile Classical dressage breeds such as the Lipizzaner, Friesian, Andalusian, and Lusitano.
*Canadian Cutting Horse
*Cob (horse)
*Colonial Spanish Horse, the original Jennet-type horse brought to North America, now with a number of modern descendants with various breed names.
*Draft horse or Draught horse
*Feral horse, a horse living in the wild, but descended from once-domesticated ancestors. Most "wild" horses today are actually feral. The only true wild (never domesticated) horse in the world today is the Przewalski's horse.
*Gaited horse, term used to describe any of a number of breeds with an intermediate speed four-beat ambling gait, including the Tennessee Walker, Paso Fino, and many others.
*German Warmblood or ZfDP, collective term for any of the various warmblood horses of Germany, of which some may be registered with the nation-wide German Horse Breeding Society (ZfDP).
*Grade horse, a term used to describe a horse of unknown or mixed breed parentage.
*Hack, a basic riding horse, particularly in the UK, also includes Show hack horses used in competition.
*Heavy warmblood, heavy carriage and riding horses, predecessors to the modern warmbloods, several old-style breeds still in existence today.
*Hunter, a type of jumping horse, either a show hunter or a field hunter
*Hunter pony, a show hunter or show jumping animal under 14.2 hands, may be actually of a horse or pony breed, height determines category of competition.
*Iberian horse, encompassing horse and pony breeds developed in the Iberian peninsula, including the Andalusian, Alter Real, Lusitano and others.
*Mountain and moorland or "M&M" is a general term which covers several breeds of horse native to the British Isles.
*Oriental horse, referring to the "hot-blooded" breeds descended from the Oriental prototype under the "Four Foundations" theory, "below."
*Riding Pony, a term used in the United Kingdom to describe certain types of show ponies.
*Sport horse or Sporthorse, includes any breeds suitable for use in assorted international competitive disciplines governed by the FEI.
*Stock horse, heavily-muscled riding horses of several different breeds, suitable for working cattle. Not to be confused with the breed Australian Stock Horse
*Warmblood, a group of Sport horse breeds developed for modern Dressage and other Olympic disciplines, "including" the Dutch Warmblood, Hanoverian (horse), Swedish Warmblood, Westphalian (horse), etc.
*Windsor Grey, the gray carriage horses of British Royalty.

Archaic types

Prior to approximately the 13th century, few pedigrees were written down, and horses were classified by physical type or use. Thus, many terms for Horses in the Middle Ages did not describe breeds as we know them today, but rather described appearance or purpose. These terms included:

*Charger, "see" Courser (horse)
*Courser (horse)
*Destrier "or" "Great Horse"
*Hobby, "see" Irish Hobby
*Jennet, sometimes called Spanish Jennet
*Palfrey
*Rouncey

Extinct species and breeds

These horses and ponies either were a recognized, distinct breed of horse that no longer exists as such, or are a species of "equus caballus" that has become extinct at some point since domestication of the horse. This section does not include any species within evolution of the horse prior to modern "equus caballus".

The "Four Foundations" wild prototypes

These are the original wild prototypes from which domesticated breeds are believed to have developed.
*"Warmblood subspecies" or Forest Horse, "also called" Diluvial horse ("Equus ferus silvaticus")
*"Oriental" subspecies, ("Equus agilis"), "see also" "Oriental horse" in "Modern Types," "above"
*"Draft" subspecies
*Tarpan subspecies

Extinct breeds

These were human-developed breeds, now no longer in existence
*Chapman horse
*Ferghana horse
*Galloway pony
*Karacabey (horse)
*Irish Hobby
*Jennet, or Spanish Jennet
*Mazury (horse)
*Narragansett Pacer
*Neapolitan horse
*Nisean horse
*Norfolk Trotter, "also called" the Norfolk Roadster, Yorkshire Trotter or Yorkshire Roadster
*Öland horse
*Old English Black horse
* Pozan
*Tundra Horse
*Turkoman Horse "also known as" Turkemene. The Akhal-Teke may be a direct descendant.
*Yorkshire Coach Horse

External links

* "Breeds of Livestock: Horse Breeds" Alphabetized list of horse breed articles maintained by the Department of Animal Science at Oklahoma State University. Accessed at: http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/horses/
* "Horse Breeds of the World," web site maintained by the International Museum of the Horse at the Kentucky Horse Park, accessed at: http://www.imh.org/museum/breeds.php?pageid=8
* [http://www.pferde-pferderassen.de Pferderassen - Infoportal] (ger.)
* "Races de chevaux et d'équidés" Lexique du cheval! (Includes English section). Accessed at: http://www.lexiqueducheval.net/lexique_racesengl.html
* World Horse breeds - UK focus, web site accessed at: http://www.equiworld.org/breeds/
* http://www.equinekingdom.com/breeds/horse_breeds.htm