John S. Barry

Infobox Governor
name= John S. Barry


caption=
order= 4th
office= Governor of Michigan
term_start= January 3, 1842
term_end= January 5, 1846
lieutenant= Origen D. Richardson
predecessor= J. Wright Gordon
successor= Alpheus Felch
order4= 8th
office4= Governor of Michigan
term_start4= January 7, 1850
term_end4= January 1, 1852
lieutenant4= William M. Fenton
predecessor4= Epaphroditus Ransom
successor4= Robert McClelland
birth_date= birth date|1802|1|29|mf=y
birth_place= Amherst, New Hampshire
death_date= death date|1870|1|14|mf=y
death_place= Constantine, Michigan
spouse= Mary Kidder
party=Democratic
religion=?

John Stewart Barry (January 29, 1802ndash January 14, 1870) was elected three times as Governor of the U.S. state of Michigan. He was Michigan's only three-term governor in the 19th century. His main accomplishment was bringing the state out of bankruptcy after the Panic of 1837.

Early life in New Hampshire and Vermont

Barry was born in Amherst, New Hampshire to John and Ellen (Steward) Barry. While he was young, the family moved to Rockingham, Vermont where he worked on his father's farm and received an education in the local schools. He married Mary Kidder, of Grafton, Vermont, and in 1824 went to Georgia, Vermont, where he taught school while studying law. He began to practice law, and while in Georgia he was also a member of the Governor’s staff.

Life and politics in Michigan

In 1831, he moved to White Pigeon, Michigan where he became a merchant and was active in politics. In 1834, Barry moved to Constantine, Michigan and opened a general store in that village's first frame-built building. He became Justice of the Peace in 1831 while in White Pigeon and continued until 1835. Barry was a prominent participant from the 13th district in the 1835 convention that drafted Michigan's first constitution.

When Michigan became a state of the Union in 1837, Barry was a State Senator (1836, 1840) and was recognized as a leader of the state Democratic party. In 1840, Barry became deeply interested in the cultivation of the sugar beet and visited Europe to obtain information in reference to its culture.

4th and 8th Governor of Michigan

He was selected by the Democratic Party to run for Governor in 1841. He won that election and was reelected in 1843.

During Barry's first term, the University of Michigan first opened for students in 1841 in Ann Arbor after moving there from Detroit. The Michigan Central and Michigan Southern Railroads greatly expanded. In 1845, at the end of his second term, the population of the state was more than 300,000.

After a hiatus, the popular Barry was again elected Governor in 1849, serving from 1850 to 1852, becoming the first Michigan Governor to serve non-consecutive terms. During Barry’s third term the Normal School (now Eastern Michigan University) was established in Ypsilanti. A new state constitution was adopted in 1850. He was defeated in 1853 and again ran unsuccessfully in 1859.

He also ran unsuccessfully to be a U.S. Representative from Michigan’s 2nd congressional district in 1856 against Republican Henry Waldron.

Throughout his career, he was a supporter of the Wilmot Proviso, intended to stop the spread of slavery, but he remained a member of the Democratic Party, becoming sympathetic with the "ultra" wing during the Civil War. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1856 and 1864.

Retirement and death

Barry retired to private life after the beginning of the ascendancy of the Republican party during Reconstruction, and carried on his mercantile business at Constantine. He died just two weeks before his sixty-eighth birthday, his wife's death having occurred a year previous, on March 30. They left no children.

Barry's home in Constantine is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

References

* [http://www.memoriallibrary.com/MI/LivIngPB/gov~105-142.htm#Barry Biographical Portrait] from "1892 Portrait & Biographical Album of Genesee, Lapeer & Tuscola Counties", Chapman Bros.
* [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/barry.html#RHI17HSYT The Political Graveyard]