Streptopelia

Taxobox
name = "Streptopelia"


image_caption = The Eurasian Collared Dove ("Streptopelia decaocto") is a typical and widespread member of this genus
image_width = 240px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Columbiformes
familia = Columbidae
genus = "Streptopelia"
genus_authority = Bonaparte, 1855
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = Around 15, see text.

"Streptopelia" is a genus of birds in the dove family. These are mainly slim, small to medium-sized species. The upperparts tend to be pale brown, and the underparts are often a shade of pink. Many have a characteristic black-and-white patch on the neck, and monotonous cooing songs.

The heartland of this genus is Africa, but several species occur in tropical southern Asia. As a group, this genus is highly successful; many species are abundant in a range of habitats in the tropics, and two now have a much more extensive distribution.

The Eurasian Collared Dove, "Streptopelia decaocto", naturally expanded out of its original range of the warmer temperate regions from south east Europe to Japan to colonise the rest of Europe, reaching as far west as Great Britain by 1960, and Ireland soon after. It has also been introduced into the USA and, as of 1999 it had been reported from 22 states and was still spreading rapidly.

The Spotted Dove, "Streptopelia chinensis", is an abundant and ubiquitous resident breeding bird in tropical southern Asia, but it has been introduced to the U.S., Hawaii, northern Indonesia, Australia and New Zealand.

A recent DNA sequence analysis (Johnson "et al.", 2001) has concluded that the genus consists of three distinct lineages. One contains the Laughing Dove and the Spotted Dove, which have long been recognized as having distinct morphology and behavior. The second group contains most of the other species, except the Madagascar Turtle Dove and the Pink Pigeon, which appear to be the surviving species of an endemic Madagascar/Mascarenes radiation and have at times been placed in other genera. The two-species lineages appear to be each other's closest relatives and cannot be firmly assigned to either "Columba" or "Streptopelia" (although overall they seem to be close to the latter). Thus, it might be best to split the two minor lineages off as distinct genera, namely "Stigmatopelia" for the first and "Nesoenas" for the last.

Species

Possibly separable as "Stigmatopelia"
* Laughing Dove "Streptopelia senegalensis"
* Spotted Dove "Streptopelia chinensis"

"Streptopelia" main lineage
* Eurasian Collared Dove or simply Collared Dove, "Streptopelia decaocto"
* Barbary Dove "Streptopelia risoria" (domesticated; taxonomic status doubtful)
* African Collared Dove, "Streptopelia roseogrisea"
* Turtle Dove "Streptopelia turtur"
* Oriental Turtle Dove "Streptopelia orientalis"
* Dusky Turtle Dove, "Streptopelia lugens"
* Adamawa Turtle Dove, "Streptopelia hypopyrrha"
* Island Collared Dove, "Streptopelia bitorquata"
* White-winged Collared Dove, "Streptopelia reichenowi"
* African Mourning Dove, "Streptopelia decipiens"
* Red-eyed Dove, "Streptopelia semitorquata"
* Ring-necked Dove, "Streptopelia capicola"
* Vinaceous Dove, "Streptopelia vinacea"
* Red Turtle Dove, "Streptopelia tranquebarica"

Possibly separable as "Nesoenas"
* Madagascar Turtle Dove, "Streptopelia picturata"
** Rodrigues Turtle Dove, "Streptopelia (picturata) rodericana" - extinct (before 1690?)
* Pink Pigeon, "Streptopelia mayeri"
* Réunion Pink Pigeon, "Streptopelia duboisi" - extinct (c.1700)

References

* Johnson, Kevin P.; de Kort, Selvino; Dinwoodey, Karen, Mateman, A. C.; ten Cate, Carel; Lessells, C. M. & Clayton, Dale H. (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera "Streptopelia" and "Columba". Auk 118(4): 874-887. [http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~kjohnson/kpj_pdfs/Auk.2001.pdf PDF fulltext]