1986 in science

The year 1986 in science and technology involved many significant events, some listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

* January 24 - Voyager 2 space probe makes first encounter with Uranus.
* January 28 - Space Shuttle Challenger explodes on launch, killing all seven astronauts aboard.
* February 19 - The Soviet Union launches the "Mir" space station.
* March 8 - Japanese spacecraft Suisei flies by Halley's Comet, studying its UV hydrogen corona and solar wind.

Biology

* May: First reported methods for constructing a monoclonal antibody containing parts from mouse and human antibodies, a required first step toward the development of humanized antibodies used later as medical therapeutics (such as Infliximab).Fact|date=February 2007

Computer science

* April 3 - IBM unveils the PC Convertible, the first laptop computer.
* Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP) was visualized.

Medicine

* Food and Drug Administration approval of the first monoclonal antibody drug, Muronomab-CD3 (also known as Orthoclone OKT3), for treatment of transplant rejection.Fact|date=February 2007

Awards

*Fields Prize in Mathematics: Simon Donaldson, Gerd Faltings and Michael Freedman
* Nobel Prizes
** Physics - Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer
** Chemistry - Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi
** Medicine - Stanley Cohen, Rita Levi-Montalcini
* Turing Award - John Hopcroft, Robert Tarjan
* Wollaston Medal for Geology - Claude Jean Allègre

Births

Deaths

* January 28 - Crew of Space Shuttle Challenger mission STS-51-L:
** Francis R. Scobee (b. 1939)
** Michael J. Smith (b. 1945)
** Judith Resnik (b. 1949)
** Ellison Onizuka (b. 1946)
** Ronald McNair (b. 1950)
** Greg Jarvis (b. 1944)
** Christa McAuliffe (b. 1948)
* Zhang Yuzhe (b. 1902), Chinese astronomer.

References

# Jones P.T.; Dear P.H.; Foote J.; Neuberger M.S.; and Winter G. (1986). Replacing the complementarity-determining regions in a human antibody with those from a mouse. "Nature" 321(6069), 522-525. PMID 3713831.
# Waldman, Thomas A. (2003). [http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nm/journal/v9/n3/full/nm0303-269.html&filetype=pdf Immunotherapy: past, present and future] . "Nature Medicine" 9, 269-277.