- First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan
The First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan was the head of the
Communist Party of Tajikistan and the highestExecutive power in the republic ofTajikistan from 1924 until November 1990.History
Shortly after the
Soviet Union was formed in 1922 a position of First Secretary of the Communist Party was created in each Soviet Republic. TheTajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created in 1924 as a subunit of theUzbek Soviet Socialist Republic and the first Acting Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan was appointed that year. In 1929 Tajikistan received full republic status separate from Uzbekistan and in 1930 the position of "First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan" was created. The position changed hands numerous times during the 1920s and 1930s due to Stalin’s fear of keeping leaders in power for long periods of time. A number of the former leaders of the Communist Party of Tajikistan perished in theGreat Purge of the 1930s. The leaders of Tajikistan were usually ethnic Tajiks with the exceptions ofMirzo Dovud Guseinov ,Dmitry Protopopov andGrigory Broydo : the first one was an ethnic Azerbaijani while the last two were ethnic Russians who were appointed during the height of Stalin’s paranoia. While the symbolic value of a Tajik First Secretary was apparent, the leadership of Tajikistan was wholly subservient toMoscow and the second in power of the Communist Party of Tajikistan was always an ethnic Russian. AfterWorld War II every appointed First Secretary was a Tajik from the region ofLeninabad , now namedSughd . This was a reflection of the fact that the leadership ofUzbekistan highly influenced the appointment of leaders in Tajikistan and chose leaders from Leninabad because of its historic ties to Uzbekistan's urban centers in theFergana Valley . There have even been accusations that some of the Leninabadi leaders of Tajikistan were actually Uzbek because their dialect of Tajik had a number of loan words from Uzbek.cite web
author=Anaita Khudonazar |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |year=2004
url=http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~bsp/publications/2004_05-khud.pdf
title=The Other
accessdate=2006-08-11
format=PDF] The Leninabai monopoly on power was a key factor in igniting the civil unrest that followed Tajikistan's independence in 1991 and led to theTajikistan Civil War .The longest serving First Secretary was
Jabor Rasulov , who came to power in 1961 and died in office in 1982. Rasulov’s successor wasRahmon Nabiyev , who was ousted in a corruptionscandal in 1985. The position First Secreatry was downgraded in November 1991 when then First SecretaryQahhor Mahkamov was appointed to the newly created executive position of President of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. Mahkamov was the last First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan to also serve ashead of state of Tajikistan when he resigned his office onAugust 31 1991 following his support of theAugust Coup inMoscow . One of the most celebrated First Secretaries wasBobojon Ghafurov , a renowned scholar who wrote numerous works on thehistory of Tajikistan .List of Secretaries
*
Chinor Emomov (1924-1927); Acting secretary.
*Mumin Khojaev (1927-1928); Acting secretary.
*Ali Shervoni (1928-1929); Acting secretary.
*Shirinsho Shotemur (1929-1930); Acting secretary.
*Mirzo Dovud Guseinov (1930-1933); First secretary.
*Grigory Broydo (1933-1934); First secretary.
*Suren Shadunz (1934-1936); First secretary.
*Urunboi Ushturov (1936-1937); First secretary.
*Dmitry Protopopov (1937-1946); First secretary.
*Bobojon Ghafurov (1946-1956); First secretary.
*Tursun Uljabaev (1956-1961); First secretary.
*Jabor Rasulov (1961-1982); First secretary.
*Rahmon Nabiyev (1982-1985); First secretary.President of Tajikistan (1991-1992).
*Qahhor Mahkamov (1985 -August 31 1991 ); First secretary. President of Tajik SSR (November1990 -August 31 1991 ).cite web
author=Neimatullo Safarov ,Victor Novikov |publisher=UNEP/GRID |year=2000
url=http://enrin.grida.no/htmls/tadjik/soe2/eng/htm/presid.htm
title=Leaders of Tajikistan in XX-th century (1924 – 2000)
accessdate=2006-08-11]
Historic leaders of Tajikistan
See
List of Presidents of Tajikistan for leadership of Tajikistan from 1991-present.References
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