Woody plants of Soldiers Delight

The Soldiers Delight Natural Environment Area, consists of about convert|1900|acre|km2 of land in Baltimore County, Maryland, USA. [http://www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/central/soldiers.html] [http://www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/central/soldiersguide.html] [http://www.mgs.md.gov/esic/features/soldiers.html] Much of the area of the Soldiers Delight NEA contains a serpentine barren that contains a number of rare and endangered species of plants. [http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_18946.htm] [http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/serpentine.asp]

The following list of woody plants comes from the publications by [F] Fleming et al. 1995, [M] Monteferrante 1973, [R] Reed 1984, [We] Wennerstrom 1995, [Wood] Wood 1984, and the unpublished data by [Wo] Worthley 1955-1985.

----List of Woody Plants of the Soldiers Delight Natural Environment Area

Division Pinophyta (Gymnosperms)

Cupressaceae - (Cypress Family)
*"Juniperus virginiana" L. - Eastern Redcedar [M, We]

Pinaceae - (Pine Family)
*"Pinus pungens" Lambert - Table Mountain Pine [We]

*"Pinus rigida" Miller - Pitch Pine [We]

*"Pinus virginiana" Mill. - Virginia Pine [M, We, Wo]

*"Tsuga canadensis" (L.) Carrière - Eastern Hemlock [We]

Division Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms)

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)

Aceraceae - (Maple Family)
*"Acer negundo" L. - Boxelder [We, Wo]

*"Acer platanoides" L. - Norway Maple [We]

*"Acer rubrum" L. - Red Maple [M, We, Wo]

Anacardiaceae - (Cashew Family)
*"Rhus glabra" L. - Smooth Sumac [M]

*"Rhus typhina" L. - Staghorn sumac [M, We]

*"Toxicodendron radicans" L. - Poison ivy [M, We, Wo]

Berberidaceae - (Barberry Family)
*"Berberis canadensis" Miller - American Barberry [R] [G3, SH, X]
*"Berberis thunbergii" DC. - Japanese Barberry [EU]
*"Berberis vulgaris" L. - Common or European Barberry [We]

Betulaceae - (Birch Family)
*"Alnus serrulata" (Aiton) Willd. - Smooth Alder [Wo]
*"Alnus viridis" (Villars) Lam. - Green or Mountain Alder [M]
*"Betula lenta" L. - Sweet or Black Birch [Wo]
*"Betula nigra" L. - River Birch [We, Wo]
*"Betula populifolia" Marshall - Gray Birch [Wo]
*"Carpinus caroliniana" Walter - American Hornbeam [Wo]
*"Corylus americana" Marsh. - American Hazelnut [Wo]

Caprifoliaceae - (Honeysuckle Family)
*"Lonicera" x "bella" Zabel - Hybrid Honeysuckle [M]
*"Lonicera japonica" Thunb. - Japanese Honeysuckle [M]
*"Viburnum dentatum" var. "lucidum" Aiton - Arrow-wood [M, R]
*"Viburnum acerifolium" L. - Maple-leaf Viburnum [We]

Celastraceae - (Staff-tree Family)
*"Celastrus orbiculatus" Thunb. - Oriental Bittersweet [EU]
*"Celastrus scandens" L. - American Bittersweet [We]

Cornaceae - (Dogwood Family)
*"Cornus florida" L. - Flowering Dogwood [M, We]
*"Nyssa sylvatica" Marsh. - Blackgum, Black Tupelo [We, Wood]

Ebenaceae - (Ebony Family)
*"Diospyros virginiana" L. - Persimmon [We]

Elaeagnaceae - (Oleaster Family)
*"Elaeagnus umbellata" Thunb. - Autumn Olive [We]

Ericaceae - (Heath Family)
*"Chimaphila maculata" (L.) Pursh. - Spotted Wintergreen [M, R, We]
*"Chimaphila umbellata" (L.) Barton - Pipsissewa [M, R, We]
*"Epigaea repens" L. - Trailing Arbutus [We]
*"Gaultheria procumbens" L. - Wintergreen [Wood]
*"Gaylussacia baccata" (Wang.) K.Koch - Black Huckleberry [M, We, Wo]
*"Gaylussacia dumosa" (Andr.) T. & G. - Dwarf Huckleberry [Wood]
*"Kalmia latifolia" L. - Mountain Laurel [M, We, Wo]
*"Vaccinium stamineum" L. - Dewberry [M, We, Wo]
*"Vaccinium vacillans" Torrey - Low Blueberry [M]

*Fabaceae - (Legume Family)
*"Cercis canadensis" L. - Redbud [We]
*"Robinia pseudoacacia" L. - Black Locust [M, We, Wo]

*Fagaceae - (Beech Family)
*"Castanea dentata" (Marshall) Borkh. - American Chestnut [We, Wo] [G4, S2]
*"Castanea mollissima" Blume - Chinese Chestnut [We]
*"Castanea pumila" (L.) Miller - Chinquapin [We, Wo]
*"Quercus alba" L. - White Oak [Wood, Wo]
*"Quercus ilicifolia" Wang. - Bear Oak [We, Wo]
*"Quercus marilandica" Muenchh. - Blackjack Oak [M]
*"Quercus montana" Willd. - Chestnut oak [We, Wo]
*"Quercus prinoides" Willd. - Chinquapin Oak [M]
*"Quercus rubra" L. - Northern Red Oak [We]
*"Quercus stellata" Wang. - Post Oak [M, Wo]
*"Quercus velutina" Lam. - Black Oak [M, Wo]
*"Quercus" x "bushii" Sarg. - Oak [M]

Hamamelidaceae - (Witch-hazel Family)
*"Hamamelis virginiana" L. - Witch-hazel [We]

Juglandaceae - (Walnut Family)
*"Carya cordiformis" (Wangenh.) K. Koch - Bitternut Hickory [We]
*"Carya glabra" (Miller) Sweet - Pignut Hickory [Wo]
*"Carya tomentosa" (Lam.) Nutt. - Mockernut Hickory [We, Wood, Wo]
*"Juglans nigra" L. - Black Walnut [We, Wo]

*Lauraceae - (Laurel Family)
*"Lindera benzoin" Blume - Spicebush [M, R, We]
*"Sassafras albidum" (Nutt.) Nees - Sassafras [M, R, We, Wo]

*Magnoliaceae - (Magnolia Family)
*"Liriodendron tulipifera" L. - Tulip Tree, Yellow poplar [We, Wo]

*Platanaceae - (Plane-tree Family)
*"Platanus occidentalis" L. - American Sycamore [We]

Rosaceae - (Rose Family)
*"Amelanchier arborea" (Michx.) Fern. - Downy Serviceberry [M, We]
*"Physocarpus opulifolius" (L.) Maxim. - Ninebark [R]
*"Prunus cerasus" L. - Sour Cherry [We]
*"Prunus pumila" L. - Sand Cherry [M]
*"Prunus pumila" var. "cuneata" (Raf.) L.H. Bailey - Eastern Dwarf Cherry [We] {G5, SU}
*"Prunus serotina" Ehrh. - Black Cherry [M, We, Wo]
*"Pyrus malus" L. - Apple [M, We]
*"Rosa carolina" L. - Pasture Rose [We]
*"Rosa multiflora" Thunb. - Multiflora Rose [We]
*"Rosa virginiana" Miller - Virginia Rose [M, We]
*"Rubus allegheniensis" T.C. Porter - Common Blackberry [R]
*"Rubus argutus" Link. - Tall Blackberry [M]
*"Rubus cuneifolius" Pursh - Sand Blackberry [Wood]
*"Rubus flagellaris" Willd. - Common or Northern Dewberry [M, R]
*"Rubus hispidus" L. - Swamp Dewberry [M]
*"Rubus idaeus" L. - Red Raspberry [M]
*"Rubus phoenicolasiius" Maxim. - Wineberry [We]
*"Spirea alba" Du Roi - Narrow-leaved Meadow-sweet [M]

Salicaceae - (Willow Family)
*"Populus deltoides" Marsh. - Eastern Cottonwood [Wood]
*"Populus grandidentata" Michx. - Large-toothed Aspen [We, Wo]
*"Populus tremuloides" Michx. - Quaking Aspen [We]
*"Salix nigra" Marshall - Black Willow [Wo]
*"Salix serissima" (L.H. Bailey) Fern. - Autumn Willow [Wo]
*"Salix occidentalis" Walter - Dwarf Prairie Willow [R, We, Wo]

Simaroubaceae - (Quassia Family)
*"Ailanthus altissima" (Mill.) Swingle - Tree-of-heaven [Wo]

Vitaceae - (Grape Family)
*"Parthenocissus quinquefolia" (L.) Planch. - Virginia Creeper [M, R, We]
*"Vitis rotundifolia" Michx. - Muscadines [M]

Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledons)

Smilacaceae - (Greenbrier Family)
*"Smilax glauca" Walt. - Glaucous Greenbrier [M, R, We, Wo]
*"Smilax hispida" Muhl. - Bristly Greenbrier [Wo]
*"Smilax rotundifolia" L. - Common Greenbrier [M, R, We, Wo]

References:

*"Ongoing Survey List of Plants of Soldier's Delight." [http://home.comcast.net/~ed_uebel/SD_plants.html]

*Brown, Russell G., and Melvin L. Brown. 1972. "Woody Plants of Maryland." Port City Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 347 pages.

*Davis, Charles A. 2004. "List of Plants of Soldier's Delight." (Unpublished).

* [F] Fleming, Cristol, Marion B. Lobstein. 1995. "Finding Wildflowers in the Washington-Baltimore Area." The Johns Hopskins University Press, Baltimore and London, 312 pages.

*Gleason, Henry A., and Arthur Cronquist. 1991. "Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada." (Second Edition) The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458, 910 pages.

*Google Hybrid Map. 2006. Target building, Soldiers Delight Visitor Center. [http://maps.google.com/?ie=UTF8&t=h&om=0&z=18&ll=39.410062,-76.838945&spn=0.001127,0.002425]

*Holmgren, Noel H. 1998. "Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Illustrations of the Vascular Plants of Northeastern U. S. and Adjacent Canada." The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458, 937 pages.

*Maryland Department of Natural Resources. 2003. "Explanation of Rank and Status Codes." [http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/rte/rank_status.pdf]

*Maryland Department of Natural Resources. 2004. "Current and Historical Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species of Baltimore County, Maryland." [http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/rte/rte04baltco.pdf]

* [M] Monteferrante, Frank. 1973. "A Phytosociological Study of Soldiers Delight, Baltimore County, Maryland." Towson State College, Towson, Maryland.

* [R] Reed, Clyde F. 1984. "Floras of the Serpentinite Formations in Eastern North America, with descriptions of geomorphology and mineralogy of the formations." Reed Herbarium, Baltimore, Maryland.

* [We] Wennerstrom, Jack. 1995. "Soldiers Delight Journal - Exploring a Globally Rare Ecosystem." University of Pittsburg Press, Pittsburg and London, 247 pages.

* [Wo] Worthley, Elmer G. (1955-1985) "List of Plants of Soldier's Delight." Unpublished.

* [Wood] Wood, Sarah G. 1984. "Mineral Element Composition of Forest Communities and Soils at Soldiers Delight, Maryland." Towson State University, Towson, Marland.

Other Lists of Plants from Soldiers Delight (and Maryland).

Wildflowers of Soldiers Delight

Graminoids of Soldiers Delight

Ferns of Soldiers Delight

Lichens of Soldiers Delight

Lichens of Maryland