Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast
- Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast
Primorsk ( _ru. Примо́рск; _fi. Koivisto; _sv. Björkö [ [http://runeberg.org/nfbc/0308.html Björkö names and Bjarkey law] . See also article on Bjarkey laws for the name's probable connection to old Scandinavian trade legislation.] ) is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, and the largest Russian port on the Baltic. It is located on the Karelian Isthmus, km to mi|137 west of Saint Petersburg, at the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, near Birch Islands, protected as a sea bird sanctuary. Population: 5,500 (2005 est.);fact|date=February 2008 ru-census2002|5332|; su-census1989|6637|.
Primorsk was first attested in Russian chronicles as Beryozovskoe ( _ru. Берёзовское, lit. "birch village") in 1268, when the German merchants from Gotland petitioned the Novgorod Republic to secure their passage to the Neva River. [ [http://www.primorsk.ru/history.php Official website of Primorsk] .] Swedes annexed the region during the Third Swedish Crusade. The Russians retook the islands at the close of the Great Northern War in 1721. Thereupon the city shared the fate of the Karelian Isthmus.
Primorsk evolved in the 20th century as an outport for the town of Vyborg. It is the site of the largest Baltic Sea oil terminal. It was developed by the Putin administration as a terminus of the Baltic Pipeline System at a cost of two billion US dollars. The terminal started to operate in December 2001, supplanting Ventspils and other foreign rivals within one year. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/05ff71f8-7b60-11db-bf9b-0000779e2340.html]
Primorsk Oil Port
References
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