North American fraternity and sorority housing

The Phi Kappa Psi fraternity house at Lafayette College. Photo taken December 2005

North American fraternity and sorority housing refers largely to the houses or housing areas that fraternity and sorority members live and work together in. In addition to serving as housing, fraternity and sorority housing may also serve to host social gatherings, meetings, and functions that benefit the community.

History

University of Missouri TKE house

The first fraternity house seems to have been from the Alpha Epsilon chapter of Chi Psi at the University of Michigan around 1845. As fraternity membership was punishable by expulsion at many colleges at this time, the house was located deep in the woods.^[1]

Fraternity chapter housing initially existed in two forms: lodges that served as meeting rooms and houses that had boarding rooms.^[2] The lodges came first and were largely replaced by houses with living accommodations. Lodges were often no more than rented rooms above stores or taverns. The idea of substantial fraternity housing caught on quickly but was accomplished with much greater ease in the North as southern college students had far less available money for construction.^[3] The first fraternity house in the South was likely one rented by members of Beta Theta Pi at Hampden-Sydney College from at least 1856. Kappa Sigma was then the first fraternity to own a house in the South when, in 1882, its chapter at the University of the South acquired one.^[4]

Chapter houses for women's fraternities began when Alpha Phi erected one at Syracuse University in 1886.^[5]

Many colleges eventually came to support fraternity and sorority housing as they allowed increased enrollment without construction of costly dormitories. The nature of this benefit varied between campuses as some houses were paid for entirely by alumni, some were rented, and some were built on land leased from the college. It was further recognized that, while fraternities having chapter houses did not raise academic performance, it did have a tendency to keep it from falling as the chapters could not afford (financially) to have members leaving school and no longer paying for their rooms.^[6]

The Inter-Sorority Congress of 1913 saw the establishment of uniform rules and regulations regarding life in chapter houses.^[7]

The number of houses owned by fraternities and sororities grew from 772 in 1915 to 928 in 1920.^[8]

University of Illinois Sigma Pi house in Urbana, IL

Design

Fraternity and sorority houses range in size from three to twenty bedrooms or more. They can usually be identified by large Greek letters or flags on the front of the house. The larger houses generally have a large meeting room and/or dining room, commercial kitchen and study room. There is usually a lounge of some sort, access to which is often restricted to fully initiated members. Fraternities and sororities will also often maintain a chapter room, to which only initiates may ever be admitted and even whose existence may be kept secret. The walls of the house may be decorated with pictures of past chapter events, awards and trophies, decorative (or historic) paddles, or composite photos of members from past years.

In some fraternities or sororities, only the representatives live in the houses while in others the entire fraternity or sorority may live in the house. Other, larger fraternities or sororities may have more than one house to accommodate all of its members.

Policies

University of Minnesota FIJI house

Fraternity and sorority houses are typically owned either by a corporation of alumni, the sponsoring national organization, or the host college. For this reason, such houses may be subject to the rules of the host college, the national organization, or both.

Due to the increase in widely publicized alcohol-related deaths on college campuses, many national organizations and host colleges have implemented dry housing policies in which the consumption and possession of alcohol is prohibited on house property.^[9] Some colleges make this policy conditional on overall grade performance.

In addition to banning alcohol, many university-owned fraternity and sorority houses have smoking bans in place inside.^[10]

Because of residential requirements, some college campuses and national chapter administrations also prohibit members of the opposite sex on certain floors of fraternity and sorority houses.

Largest Fraternity and Sorority Houses

Rank	Square Footage	Fraternity or Sorority	University Affiliation	Location	Year Completed
1	41,000[11]	Beta Theta Pi	University of Missouri	Columbia, Missouri	under construction
2	39,500[12]	Pi Kappa Alpha	Florida State University	Tallahassee, Florida	2005
3	39,264[13][14]	Zeta Beta Tau	Florida State University	Tallahassee, Florida	2005
4	37,000[15]	FarmHouse	Oklahoma State University	Stillwater, Oklahoma	under construction
5	30,534[16]	Kappa Alpha Theta	Oklahoma State University	Stillwater, Oklahoma
6	30,000[17]	Alpha Omicron Pi	University of Arkansas	Fayetteville, Arkansas	2009[18]
7	29,068[19]	Kappa Sigma	University of Arkansas	Fayetteville, Arkansas	1931
8	28,500[20]	Kappa Sigma	Missouri S&T	Rolla, Missouri	2011
9	28,000[21]	Pi Kappa Alpha	Missouri S&T	Rolla, Missouri	2007
10	27,000[22][23]	Pi Kappa Alpha	University of Illinois	Champaign, Illinois	2011
11	26,000[24]	Phi Sigma Kappa	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute	Troy, New York	2011
12	24,000[25]	Kappa Sigma	University of Florida	Gainesville, Florida	2008
13	25,000[26]	Sigma Alpha Epsilon	University of Kansas	Lawrence, Kansas	1997

References

1. ^ Birdseye, Clarence Frank (1907), Individual Training in Our Colleges, New York: The McMillan Company, p. 211, http://books.google.com/?id=Bv7ZFGz9MCYC, retrieved 2008-06-20 
2. ^ Baird, William Raimond (1920), Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (9th ed.), New York: James T. Brown, p. 32, http://books.google.com/?id=1qoVAAAAIAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-18 
3. ^ Psi, Chi (1906), The Purple and Gold, XXIII, Chi Psi Fraternity, p. 8, http://books.google.com/?id=aiwUAAAAIAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-20 
4. ^ Baird, William Raimond (1905), Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (6th ed.), New York: The Alcolm company, p. 174, http://books.google.com/?id=BwMTAAAAIAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-20 
5. ^ Martin, Ida Shaw (1919), The Sorority Handbook (6th ed.), Menasha, WI: George Banta Publishing, p. 36, http://books.google.com/?id=xbU4AAAAMAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-18 
6. ^ Jordan, David Starr (December 1909), The American College, 1, New York: The Higher Education Association (published 1910), p. 176, http://books.google.com/?id=liMBAAAAYAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-20 
7. ^ Martin, Ida Shaw (1919), The Sorority Handbook (6th ed.), Menasha, WI: George Banta Publishing, p. 43, http://books.google.com/?id=xbU4AAAAMAAJ, retrieved 2008-06-18 
8. ^ Baird, William Raimond (1920), Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities (9th ed.), New York: James T. Brown, p. v, http://books.google.com/?id=1qoVAAAAIAAJ&printsec=toc, retrieved 2008-06-17 
9. ^ Schackner, Bill (2000-08-18). "Fraternity houses turn off the taps and sober up". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://www.post-gazette.com/regionstate/20000818fraternity3.asp. 
10. ^ "Smoking Ban", The Chronicle of Higher Education 52 (38): A28, May 26, 2006 
11. ^ http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/2011/jun/18/42/
12. ^ http://www.maddogweb.com/Projects/ProjectsByCategory.aspx?prc=5&p=45
13. ^ http://www.maddogweb.com/Projects/ProjectsByCategory.aspx?prc=5&p=46
14. ^ http://www.zbtfsu.com/
15. ^ http://www.ocolly.com/farmhouse-breaks-ground-on-building-1.2138739
16. ^ http://housing.kappaalphatheta.org/facilityresources/showchapter/1151
17. ^ http://www.alphaomicronpi.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=6601&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm
18. ^ http://www.uatrav.com/2009/alphaomicronpihostsopenhousethisweekend/
19. ^ http://www.thefreelibrary.com/UA+puts+fraternities+back+on+right+track.-a0103383962
20. ^ http://mstkappasigma.theginsystem.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=38
21. ^ http://www.akpikes.com/our_house/
22. ^ http://www.omegafundraising.com/apps/clientwebsite/templates/campaign_display.php4
23. ^ http://www.news-gazette.com/news/university-illinois/2010-06-14/fraternities-rehabbing-rebuilding-houses-newest-touches-ui-campu
24. ^ http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Fraternity-right-at-home-in-church-1019113.php
25. ^ http://www.kappasigmauf.com/house/
26. ^ http://www.treanorarchitects.com/treanor-greek-life/sigma-alpha-epsilon-fraternity-ku/