- Treaty of Breda (1667)
:"For other meanings, see
Treaty of Breda (disambiguation) ."The Treaty of Breda was signed at the Dutch city of Breda,July 31 (Gregorian calendar ),1667 , byEngland , the United Provinces (the Netherlands ),France , andDenmark . It brought a hasty and inconclusive end to theSecond Anglo-Dutch War (1665 –1667 ), as Louis XIV's forces began invading theSpanish Netherlands as part of theWar of Devolution , but left many territorial disputes unresolved. It was thus a typical quick "uti possidetis " treaty. In the latter stages of the war, the Dutch had prevailed. Lieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter virtually controlled the seas around the south coast of England, following his successfulRaid on the Medway , and his presence encouraged English commissioners tosue for peace quickly. Negotiations, long protracted before the raid, took only ten days after resuming them.During the negotiations, the English commissioners offered to return
New Netherland in exchange for their sugar factories on the coast ofSurinam Fact|date=July 2008, that had been taken byAbraham Crijnssen earlier in 1667. The Dutch side declined. In theEast Indies , the Dutch secured a worldwide monopoly onnutmeg by forcing England to give up their claim on Run, the most remote of theBanda Islands . TheAct of Navigation was moderated in that the Dutch were now allowed to ship German goods, if imported over theRhine , to England.As communications were slow, special dates were established for the different parts of the world, on which legal hostilities would end: 5 September for the
English Channel and theNorth Sea , 5 October for the other European seas, 2 November for the African coast north of the equator and 24 April 1668 for the rest of the world.In
North America ,Acadia was returned to France, without specifying what territories were actually involved on the ground.Thomas Temple , the proprietor, residing in Boston, had been given a charter by Cromwell, which was ignored in the Treaty, and the actual handing off was delayed at the site until1670 .In the
Caribbean , the island ofSaint Kitts was re-partitioned between English and French forces.The most complete contemporary account of the war was published first in Dutch, then in French in
1668 as a "Description exacte de tout ce qui s'est passé dans les guerres". It contains a list of Dutch vessels and goods lost in North America, an account of the1664 capture ofNew Amsterdam (New York City today) with the articles of surrender to GovernorRichard Nicolls , andMichiel de Ruyter ’s voyage to theWest Indies . The Dutch commemorated theTreaty of Breda with a patriotic engraving.The parties agreed to postpone a discussion of the pawnings of
Orkney (1468) andShetland (1469) until a future occasion.The
Siege of Breda (1624) was a separate event, in the Dutch wars of liberation, that was commemorated byDiego Velázquez 's "The Surrender of Breda", painted in 1635.ee also
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List of treaties
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