Janet Gaynor

Infobox actor
bgcolour = silver
name = Janet Gaynor


imagesize = 250px
caption = from the film "A Star Is Born" (1937)
birthdate = birth date|1906|10|6|mf=y
location = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
deathdate = death date and age|1984|9|14|1906|10|6|mf=y
deathplace = Palm Springs, California, U.S.
birthname = Laura Augusta Gainor
yearsactive = 1924 - 1981
academyawards = Best Actress
1928 "Seventh Heaven", "Street Angel", and "Sunrise"

Janet Gaynor (October 6, 1906 – September 14, 1984) was an American actress.

One of the most popular actresses of the silent film era, in 1928 Gaynor became the first winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in the films: "Sunrise" (1927), "Seventh Heaven" (1927), and "Street Angel" (1928). Her career continued with the advent of sound film, and she achieved a notable success in the original version of "A Star Is Born" (1937). She worked only sporadically after the late 1930s. Severely injured in a 1982 vehicle collision, her injuries contributed to her death two years later.

Early life

Born Laura Augusta Gainor in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, her family moved west to San Francisco when she was just a child. When graduated from high school in 1923, Gaynor decided to pursue a career in acting. She then moved to Los Angeles, where she supported herself working in a shoe store, receiving $18 per week. She managed to land unbilled small parts in several feature films and comedy shorts for two years. Finally, in 1926, at the age of 20, she was cast in the lead role in a silent film called "The Johnstown Flood", the same year she was selected as one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars (with Joan Crawford, Dolores del Rio and others). Her outstanding performance won her the attention of producers, who cast her in a series of films.

Rising career

Within one year, Gaynor was one of Hollywood's leading ladies. Her performances in "Seventh Heaven" (the first of twelve movies she would make with actor Charles Farrell) and both "Sunrise" and "Street Angel" (in 1927, also with Charles Farrell) earned her the first Academy Award for Best Actress in 1928. It was the only time in Oscar history that the award was given for multiple roles: it was given on the basis of the actor's total work over the year, and not just for one particular performance. Gaynor was not only the first, but until 1986 (when Marlee Matlin won her Oscar), she was also the youngest actress to win an Academy Award for Best Actress. At the time of their respective wins, Gaynor was 22 years old and Matlin was 21 years old.

Gaynor was one of only a handful of leading ladies who made a successful transition to sound movies over the next decade. And for a number of years, Gaynor was the leading actress of the Fox studios and was treated accordingly with top billing and the choice of prime roles, starring in such films as "Delicious", "Adorable", and "Merely Mary Ann". However, when Darryl F. Zanuck merged his fledgling studio, 20th Century Pictures, with Fox Film Corporation to form Twentieth Century Fox, her status became precarious and even tertiary to that of actresses Loretta Young and Shirley Temple. She managed to terminate her contract with the studio and achieved acclaim in films produced by David O. Selznick in the mid-1930s.

In 1937, she was again nominated for an Academy Award, this time for her role in "A Star Is Born". After appearing in "The Young in Heart", she left film industry for nearly twenty years, returning one last time in 1957 as Pat Boone's mother in "Bernardine".

Later life and death

Gaynor was married to producer Paul Gregory from 24 December 1964 to her death on 14 September 1984. Previous marriages were to MGM costume designer Adrian from 14 August, 1939 to his death on 13 September 1959, and to Jesse Lydell Peck from 11 September 1929 to 7 April 1933. Gaynor had one son with Adrian, Robin Gaynor Adrian, born in 1940.

Gaynor was close friends with actress Mary Martin, with whom she frequently travelled. A Brazilian press report noted that Gaynor and Martin briefly lived with their respective husbands in the state of Goiás in the 1950s and 1960s. [ [http://www2.correioweb.com.br/cw/EDICAO_20030408/pri_cid_080403_184.htm "Glamour americano decorou o cerrado"] Correio Braziliense. 8 April 2003.]

She died in 1984, at the age of 77, due largely to the aftermath of a traffic accident in San Francisco two years earlier.cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Janet Gaynor, Oscar Winning Star |url= |quote=Janet Gaynor, 77, the first actress to win an Academy Award, died yesterday at Desert Hospital in Palm Springs, Calif. Her physician, Bart Apfelbaum, said that injuries she suffered in a September 1982 traffic accident in San Francisco had caused her death. The actress had sustained 11 broken ribs, a severely fractured pelvis and extensive abdominal injuries. Miss Gaynor, who specialized in sentimental portrayals of vulnerable women, met with almost instant success in Hollywood. |publisher=Philadelphia Inquirer |date=September 15, 1984 |accessdate=2008-06-25 ] In the accident, a driver named Robert Cato ran a red light at the corner of California Street and Franklin and crashed into her Luxor taxicab. The violent crash killed Mary Martin's manager Ben Washer and injured the other passengers, including Gaynor's husband Paul Gregory, as well as her close, long-time friend, Mary Martin. Gaynor was in serious condition with eleven broken ribs, a fractured collarbone, pelvic fractures, an injured bladder and a damaged kidney.cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Hospitalized |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,950804,00.html |quote=Janet Gaynor, 73, winner of the first Oscar for Best Actress (1929), in serious condition with eleven broken ribs, a fractured collarbone, pelvic fractures, an injured bladder and a damaged kidney; and Mary Martin, 68, star of Broadway's original South Pacific and TV's first Peter Pan, in good condition with two fractured ribs, a fractured pelvis and a punctured lung; after a vehicular accident; in San Francisco. Gaynor and her husband Paul Gregory, 61, and Martin and her press agent, Ben Washer, 76, were riding in a taxi when they were struck broadside by a van. Washer was killed. Gregory is in good condition. |publisher=Time (magazine) |date=September 20, 1982|accessdate=2008-06-25 ] She never fully recovered from the accident and after several operations died of complications.

She was interred in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California next to her second husband Adrian, but her stone reads "Janet Gaynor Gregory" in tribute to her third husband, producer and director Paul Gregory.

Filmography

Features

hort Subjects

###@@@KEY@@@###s-achsuccession box
title=Academy Award for Best Actress
before=—
years=1928
for "Seventh Heaven",
"Street Angel" and
"Sunrise"
after=Mary Pickford
for "Coquette"

References

Further reading

* Menefee, David W. "The First Female Stars: Women of the Silent Era". Connecticut: Praeger, 2004. ISBN 0-275-98259-9.
* Martin, Mary. "My Heart Belongs". New York: Quill, 1984.

External links

*imdb name|id=0310980|name=Janet Gaynor
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=1338 Memorial Page for Janet Gaynor at FindaGrave]
* [http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=839 Photographs of Janet Gaynor]

Persondata
NAME= Gaynor, Janet
ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Gainor, Laura Augusta
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Actress
DATE OF BIRTH= October 6, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH= Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DATE OF DEATH= September 14, 1984
PLACE OF DEATH= Palm Springs, California, U.S.