Trace amine-associated receptor

Trace amine-associated receptors, abbreviated TAAR and previously abbreviated TAR and TA, are a class of G protein-coupled receptors identified in 2001.cite journal |author=Borowsky B, Adham N, Jones KA, Raddatz R, Artymyshyn R, Ogozalek KL, Durkin MM, Lakhlani PP, Bonini JA, Pathirana S, Boyle N, Pu X, Kouranova E, Lichtblau H, Ochoa FY, Branchek TA, Gerald C |title=Trace amines: identification of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue=16 |pages=8966–71 |year=2001 |pmid=11459929 |doi=10.1073/pnas.151105198 |issn=]

These receptors have gained considerable interest in academic and pharmaceutical industry research as putative endogenous receptors for trace amines, metabolic derivatives of classical biogenic amines.cite journal |author=Lindemann L, Hoener MC |title=A renaissance in trace amines inspired by a novel GPCR family |journal=Trends Pharmacol. Sci. |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=274–81 |year=2005 |pmid=15860375 |doi=10.1016/j.tips.2005.03.007 |issn=] cite journal |author=Scanlan TS, Suchland KL, Hart ME, Chiellini G, Huang Y, Kruzich PJ, Frascarelli S, Crossley DA, Bunzow JR, Ronca-Testoni S, Lin ET, Hatton D, Zucchi R, Grandy DK |title=3-Iodothyronamine is an endogenous and rapid-acting derivative of thyroid hormone |journal=Nat. Med. |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=638–42 |year=2004 |pmid=15146179 |doi=10.1038/nm1051 |issn=] cite journal |author=Hart ME, Suchland KL, Miyakawa M, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Scanlan TS |title=Trace amine-associated receptor agonists: synthesis and evaluation of thyronamines and related analogues |journal=J. Med. Chem. |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=1101–12 |year=2006 |pmid=16451074 |doi=10.1021/jm0505718 |issn=]

In 2006 it was shown that TAAR1 is most probably a receptor for thyronamines, decarboxylated and deiodinated metabolites of the thyroid hormones, while the mouse mTAAR2 - mTAAR9 receptors are most probably olfactory receptors for volatile amines.cite journal |author=Liberles SD, Buck LB |title=A second class of chemosensory receptors in the olfactory epithelium |journal=Nature |volume=442 |issue=7103 |pages=645–50 |year=2006 |pmid=16878137 |doi=10.1038/nature05066 |issn=]

Mammalian TAAR complement

* Rat genome—17 genes and 2 pseudogenes
* Mouse genome—15 genes and 1 pseudogene
* Human genome— 7 genes (Gene|TAAR1, Gene|TAAR2, Gene|TAAR3, Gene|TAAR5, Gene|TAAR6, Gene|TAAR8, Gene|TAAR9) and 2 pseudogenes (Gene|TAAR4P, Gene|TAAR7P)
* Chimpanzee genome—3 genes and 6 pseudogenes

See also

* Receptor
* Olfactory receptor
* Odorant
* Trace amine
* Thyronamine

External links

* [http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ChapterMenuForward?chapterID=1355 IUPHAR GPCR Database - Trace amine receptors]

References