Shebelle River

Infobox_River
river_name = Shebelle River


image_size =
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origin = near coord|7.2201|39.4665|display=inline|region:ET_type:river
mouth = Dries up near coord|0.1659|42.7727|display=inline,title|region:SO_type:river, occasionally continues into Jubba River
basin_countries = Ethiopia Somalia
length =
elevation =
mouth_elevation =
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The Shebelle River ( _so. "Webi Shabeelle") begins in the highlands of Ethiopia, and then flows southeast into Somalia towards Mogadishu. Near Mogadishu it turns sharply southwest, where it follows the coast. Below Mogadishu the river becomes seasonal. Most years the river dries up near the mouth of the Jubba River, while in seasons of heavy rainfall the river actually reaches the Jubba and thus the Indian Ocean.

Its name comes from the Somali language, "Wabi Shabeelle" meaning "Leopard/Tiger River". According to the "Statistical Abstract of Ethiopia for 1967/68", the Shebelle River is 1130 kilometers long, extending for 1000 kilometers inside Ethiopia and 130 inside Somalia. The river gives its name to the Somali administrative regions of Shabeelle River, consisting of Shabeellaha Dhexe and Shabeellaha Hoose.

In the past, the area of Shebelle River was very much affected by diseases transmitted by tsetse flies, but they seems now to be eradicated at least in some parts of the Shebelle Valley.

Tributaries

The Shebelle has a number of tributaries, both seasonal and permanent rivers. They include:
* Erer River
* Galetti River
* Wabe River

The Fafen only reaches the Shebelle in times of flood; its stream usually fails before reaching the main river.

History

The source of the Shebelle River is venerated by both the Arsi Oromo and the Sidamo people. It is surrounded by a sacred enclosure wooded with juniper trees, which as of 1951 was under the protection of a Muslim member of the Arsi. [J. Spencer Trimingham, "Islam in Ethiopia" (Oxford: Geoffrey Cumberlege for the University Press, 1952), p. 260.]

In 1989 with the help of Soviet engineers, the Melka Wakena dam was built on the upper reaches of the Shebelle River in the Bale Mountains. Producing 153 megawatts, this dam is Ethiopia’s largest hydroelectric generator. [Lulseged Ayalew, [http://www.mediaethiopia.com/Engineering/Lulseged_on_hydroelectric.htm "Something that We Need to Know about Our River’s Hydropower Potential"] . Accessed 20 April 2006]

In late April 2005, heavy rains generated widespread flooding throughout Somali Region, Ethiopia as well as Somalia, and caused the Shebelle River to burst its banks. In May of that year, the flooding in the Somali Region alone had caused over 100 confirmed deaths and widespread property damage affecting over 100,000 persons. The floods have also destroyed shelters housing 25,000 Somali refugees in Kenya.

See also

*List of Ethiopian rivers
*Geography of Ethiopia
*Geography of Somalia

Notes

External links

* [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/FBUO-7JEH9T?OpenDocument&rc=1&cc=som ReliefWeb: Somalia Integrated Phase Classification Maps (as of Sep 2008)]
* [http://www.cal.org/co/bantu/sbland.html Somali Bantu - Their History and Culture: Land]
* [http://www.zgf.de/download/166/BMNP_GMP_2007.pdf Bale Mountains National Park]
* [http://www.waterandnature.org/eatlas/html/af24.html Map of the Shebelle River basin at Water Resources eAtlas]
* [http://www.somwat.com/hydropolitics.html Hydropolitics in the Horn of Africa]
* [http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=46953&SelectRegion=Horn_of_Africa&SelectCountry=ETHIOPIA "Ethiopia: Rains pound Somali region as death toll rises"] , IRIN, 5 May 2005
* [http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=14150 "Floods plague Horn of Africa, wash away refugee shelters" - UN News]