Ionian Sea

The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy, including Calabria, Sicily and the Salento peninsula, to the west, by southwestern Albania, including Saranda and Himara, and a large number of Greek islands, including Corfu, Zante, Kephalonia, Ithaka, and Lefkas to the east. The islands are collectively referred to as the Ionian Islands, and other islands including the Strophades, Sphagia, Schiza, Sapientza and Kythira. The sea is one of the most seismic areas in the world.

There are ferry routes between Patras, Greece and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross over the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and shipping routes from Piraeus westward cross as well.

Origin and myth of the eponym of the Ionian Sea

The name "Ionian" comes from Greek polytonic|Ἰόνιον (πέλαγος). Its ultimate etymology is unknown. [Babiniotis, "Lexiko tis Neoellinikis Glossas".] Ancient Greek writers, especially Aeschylus, linked it to the myth of Io, who was believed to have swum through the sea. There were also narratives about other eponymic legendary figures; according to one version, "Ionius" was a son of "Adrias" (eponymic for the Adriatic Sea), thought to have been an Illyrian kingFact|date=August 2008; according to another, "Ionius" was a son of "Dyrrhachus", eponymic for the ancient Greek city of Dyrrhachium (modern Durrës in Albania). When Dyrrhachus was attacked by his own brothers, Heracles, who was passing through the country, came to his aid, but in the fight the hero killed his ally's son by mistake. The corpse was cast into the sea, which thereafter was called the Ionian Sea.

Places

In order from south to north in the west and then north to south in the east:
*Taranto, port N
*Syracuse, port, W
*Catania, port, W
*Saranda, port and a beach, NE
*Parga, small port
*Preveza,port, E
* Ancient Paleros
*Astakos
*Fiskardo, small port
*Keri, no port
*Methoni, small port and a beach
*Ionian Islands

Gulfs and straits

*Strait of Messina, W
*Gulf of Catania, W
*Gulf of Taranto, NW
*Ambracian Gulf, E
*Gulf of Patras, connecting the Gulf of Corinth, ESE
*Cyparissian Gulf, SE
*Messenian Gulf, SE
*Laconian Gulf, ESE

Tributaries

In order from north to south
*Pineios River (Peloponnese)
*Ambracian Gulf
**Acherontas River
*Gulf of Patras/Strait of Rio-Antirrio Watershed
**Acheloos River
**Glaucos/Glavkos River - Panachaicus mountains to south of Patras
**Louros River, north
*Cyparissian Gulf
**Alfeios River
***Kladeos or Cladeus River
***Erymanthus River
****Ladon River
****Ladon Lake
**Loussios River
**Larissos River - Nea Manolada
**Neda River — Elia-Messenia boundary/border