Reading frame

Reading frame

In biology, a reading frame is a contiguous and non-overlapping set of three-nucleotide codons in DNA or RNA. There are 3 possible reading frames in a mRNA strand and six in a double stranded DNA molecule due to the two strands from which transcription is possible. This leads to the possibility of overlapping genes and there may be many of these in bacteria.cite journal | author = Johnson Z, Chisholm S | title = Properties of overlapping genes are conserved across microbial genomes | journal = Genome Res | volume = 14 | issue = 11 | pages = 2268–72 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15520290 | doi = 10.1101/gr.2433104] Some viruses e.g. HBV and BYDV use several overlapping genes in different reading frames.

In rare cases a translating ribosome may shift from one frame to another, a translational frameshift. It is distinct from a frameshift mutation as the nucleotide sequence (DNA or RNA) is not altered only the frame in which it is read.

An open reading frame (ORF) is a reading frame that contains a start codon, the subsequent region which usually has a length which is a multiple of 3 nucleotides, and end with a stop codon.

References

ee also

* Genetic code


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  • Reading frame — One of the three possible ways to read a nucleotide sequence in DNA (depending upon whether reading starts with the first, second or third base in a triplet). * * * The grouping of nucleotides by threes into codons. See frame shift mutation.… …   Medical dictionary

  • reading frame — The reading frame defines which sets of three nucleotides are read as triplets, and hence as codons, in DNA transcription. The start point is usually determined by the initiation codon, AUG. Thus the sequence AUGGCAAAA would be read as… …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • reading frame — noun : any of the three possible ways of reading a sequence of nucleotides as a series of triplets see open reading frame herein …   Useful english dictionary

  • reading frame — skaitymo rėmelis statusas T sritis augalininkystė apibrėžtis Vienas iš trijų galimų nukleotidų sekos skaitymo būdų. atitikmenys: angl. reading frame rus. рамка считывания …   Žemės ūkio augalų selekcijos ir sėklininkystės terminų žodynas

  • reading frame mutation — reading frame mutation. См. мутация со сдвигом фазы. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • reading frame mutations — reading frame mutations. = frameshift mutations (см.). (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Reading frame, open — An open reading frame in DNA has no termination codon, no signal to stop reading the nucleotide sequence, and so may be translated into protein …   Medical dictionary

  • reading frame — One of the three possible ways of reading a nucleotide sequence. As the genetic code is read in non overlapping triplets (codons) there are three possible ways of translation of a sequence of nucleotides into a protein, each with a different… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • reading frame — The way in which nucleotides in DNA and mRNA are grouped into codons or groups of three for reading the message contained in the nucleotide sequence …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • reading frame — noun Date: 1965 a sequence of nucleotide triplets that is potentially translatable into a polypeptide and that is determined by the placement of a codon that initiates translation …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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