Fairfax v Commissioner of Taxation
- Fairfax v Commissioner of Taxation
Infobox Court Case
name=Fairfax v Commissioner of Taxation
court=High Court of Australia
date_decided=2 December 1965
full_name=Fairfax v Federal Commissioner of Taxation
citations= [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/114clr1.html (1965) 114 CLR 1]
judges= Barwick CJ, Kitto, Taylor, Menzies and Windeyer JJ
prior_actions=none
subsequent_actions=none
opinions=(5:0) Section 11 of the Income Tax and Social Services Contribution Assessment Act 1961 is valid under the taxation power (per Barwick CJ, Kitto, Taylor, Menzies and Windeyer JJ)
"Fairfax v Commissioner of Taxation" (1965) 114 CLR 1 is a High Court of Australia case that considered the scope of the taxation power.
Facts
The "Income Tax and Social Services Contribution Assessment Act 1964" dealt with income tax and social services. Section 11 of the Act exempted certain superannuation funds from income tax if they invested in government securities. Fairfax was subject to the tax, and challenged it by arguing it was a law with respect to superannuation funds, and not an exercise of the taxation power.
Decision
Per Kitto J:
The Commonwealth law was in substance a law with respect to taxation. A tax does not cease to be valid because it regulates, discourages, or even definitely deters the activities taxed.
The plaintiffs argued that if superannuation funds fully undertook the law, and invested in government securities, then the Section 11 provision would result in no taxation revenue for the government. The Court however thought the issue of raising revenue was a secondary concern. The law was still concerned with taxation because it imposed a taxation obligation. The fact that the purpose was to deter superannuation funds, did not preclude it from being a matter with respect to taxation. As s51(ii) was a non-purposive head of power, like all such powers, it operates on the subject matter.
See also
* Constitutional basis of taxation in Australia
* Australian constitutional law
References
* Winterton, G. et al. "Australian federal constitutional law: commentary and materials", 1999. LBC Information Services, Sydney.
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