Yogi Berra

Infobox MLB retired
name=Yogi Berra


position=Catcher / Manager
bats=Left
throws=Right
birthdate=birth date and age|1925|5|12
St. Louis, Missouri
debutdate=September 22
debutyear=by|1946
debutteam=New York Yankees
finaldate=May 9
finalyear=by|1965
finalteam=New York Mets
stat1label=Batting average
stat1value=.285
stat2label=Home Runs
stat2value=358
stat3label=Runs batted in
stat3value=1,430
teams=
* New York Yankees (by|1946-by|1963)
* New York Mets (by|1965)
highlights=
* 15x All-Star selection (1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962)
* 10x World Series champion (1947, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1962)
* 3x AL MVP (1951, 1954, 1955)
* New York Yankees #8 retired
hofdate=by|1972
hofvote=85.61% (second ballot)

Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (born May 12, 1925 in St. Louis, Missouri) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager. He played almost his entire career for the New York Yankees and was elected to the baseball Hall of Fame in 1972. Arguably the most beloved baseball player since Babe Ruth, Berra was one of only four players to be named the Most Valuable Player of the American League three times, and one of only six managers to lead both American and National League teams to the World Series.

Berra, who quit school in the eighth grade, has a tendency toward malapropism and fracturing the English language in highly provocative, interesting ways. Simultaneously denying and confirming his reputation, Berra once stated, "I didn't really say everything I said." ("See Yogiisms.")

Early background

Born in a primarily Italian neighborhood of St. Louis called "The Hill", Berra was the son of Pietro and Paulina Berra, immigrants from Italy. Pietro, originally from Milan in northern Italy, arrived at Ellis Island on October 18, 1909 at the age of 23, and later met Paulina in the U.S. [ [http://www.ellisisland.org/Eiinfo/Press_HONOREES_BIOS.asp EllisIsland.org] ] Yogi's parents originally nicknamed him "Lawdie," derived from his mother's difficulty pronouncing "Lawrence" or "Larry" correctly. He grew up on Elizabeth Avenue, just across the street from his boyhood friend and later competitor Joe Garagiola (that block, also home to the late baseball broadcaster Jack Buck, has subsequently been renamed "Hall of Fame Place"). Yogi and Joe also attended the same High School, South Side Catholic, now called St. Mary's High School, in South St. Louis. Berra has been inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame.

He picked up his more famous nickname from a friend, Bobby Hofman, who said he resembled a Hindu holy man (yogi) they had seen in a movie, whenever Berra sat around with arms and legs crossed waiting to bat, or while looking sad after a losing game.Fact|Sept. 2008|date=September 2008 Years later, the Hanna-Barbera cartoon character Yogi Bear was named after Berra, something Berra did not appreciate after he started being periodically addressed as "Yogi Bear."Fact|Sept. 2008|date=September 2008

He began playing baseball in local American Legion leagues, where he learned the basics of play as a catcher. Berra also played for a Cranston, RI team under an assumed name.

In 1942 the St. Louis Cardinals spurned Berra in favor of his boyhood best friend, Joe Garagiola. On the surface, the Cardinals seemed to think Garagiola the superior prospect -- but team president Branch Rickey actually had an ulterior motive: knowing he was soon to leave St. Louis to take over the operation of the Brooklyn Dodgers, and more impressed with Berra than he let on, Rickey apparently planned to hold Berra off until he could sign him for the Dodgers. The plan was ruined when the Yankees got to him first, signing him for the same $500 bonus the Cardinals offered Garagiola. Berra is widely regarded as one of the greatest catchers in baseball history. According to the win shares formula developed by sabermetrician Bill James, Berra is the greatest catcher of all time and the 52nd greatest non-pitcher in major-league history. Late in his career, some sportswriters and baseball announcers affectionately nicknamed Berra "The Little Squat Man."

Playing career

MLBBioRet

---

Name = Yogi Berra
Number = 8
Team = New York Yankees
Year = 1972Following a stint in the U.S. Navy during World War II where he served as a Gunner's Mate in the D-Day invasion, Berra played minor league baseball with the Newark Bears before being called up for seven games in the major leagues in Baseball Year|1946 and was taught under the mentorship of Hall of Famer Bill Dickey, whose number Berra took. The following season he played 86 games for the Yankees, and he would play more than a hundred in each of the following fourteen years.

During his nineteen-year career as a Yankee, Berra's teams dominated baseball. Berra appeared in fourteen World Series, winning ten championships, both of which are records. Because Berra's playing career coincided with the Yankees' most consistent period, it enabled him to establish the major league records for World Series games (75), at-bats (259), hits (71), doubles (10), singles (49), games caught (63), and catcher putouts (457). In Game 3 of the 1947 World Series, Berra hit the first pinch-hit home run in World Series history off Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca (who later served up Bobby Thomson's famous home run in 1951). Though Berra played in 14 World Series, he played a full game in just nine of them, one fewer than Joe DiMaggio, who played full games in all ten of his Series appearances.

Berra has become a beloved figure in American sport, which in some ways has obscured his immense talents as a competitive athlete. Berra was a fifteen-time All-Star, and won the league's MVP award three times, in Baseball Year|1951, Baseball Year|1954 and Baseball Year|1955. From 1950 to 1957, Berra never finished lower than 4th in the voting. He received MVP votes in fifteen consecutive seasons, tied with Barry Bonds and second only to Hank Aaron's nineteen straight seasons with MVP support. (Ted Williams also received MVP votes in every year of his career, but it was twice interrupted by military service.) Between Baseball Year|1949 and Baseball Year|1955, on a team filled with stars such as Mickey Mantle and Joe DiMaggio, it was Berra who led the Yankees in RBI for seven consecutive seasons.

Berra was excellent at hitting bad pitches, covering all areas of the strike zone (as well as beyond) with great extension. He was simultaneously able to swing the bat like a golf club to hit low pitches for deep home runs, and chop at high pitches for line drives. However, despite this wide plate coverage, he also had great bat control. Five times, Berra had more home runs in a season than strikeouts. In Baseball Year|1950, Berra struck out twelve times in 597 at-bats. This combination made him a feared "clutch hitter"; rival manager Paul Richards once called Berra "the toughest man in the league in the last three innings." When asked about swinging at "bad pitches", Berra was reported to say, "If I can hit it, it's a good pitch."

As a fielder, Berra was truly outstanding. Quick, mobile, and a great handler of pitchers, Berra led all American League catchers eight times in games caught and in chances accepted, six times in double plays (a major league record), eight times in putouts, three times in assists, and once in fielding percentage. Berra left the game with the AL records for catcher putouts (8,723) and chances accepted (9,520). He was also one of only four catchers to ever field 1.000 for a season, playing 88 errorless games in Baseball Year|1958. Later in his career, he became a good defensive outfielder in Yankee Stadium's notoriously difficult left field. In June Baseball Year|1962, at the age of 37, Berra showed his superb physical endurance by catching an entire 22-inning, seven-hour game against the Tigers.

One of the most notable days of Berra's playing career came when he caught Don Larsen's perfect game in the Baseball Year|1956 World Series, the only no-hitter ever thrown in postseason play. The pictures of Berra leaping into Larsen's arms following the 27th out are among the game's most memorable images.

On 18 July 1999, Larsen and Berra celebrated the feat with a ceremonial pitch for "Yogi Berra Day" at Yankee Stadium (the 74-year-old Berra did not jump into the 70-year-old Larsen's arms, though). This was a part of the celebration to mark the return of Berra to the Stadium, which ended his 14-year feud with Yankees' owner George Steinbrenner. The feud started in 1985 when Steinbrenner promised Berra a full chance as manager, then fired him in the third week of the season. Berra vowed to never return to Yankee Stadium so long as Steinbrenner owned the team. Amazingly, Yankees pitcher David Cone then hurled his own perfect game against Montreal Expos, only the 16th time it had ever been done in Major League history. The coincidence served to illustrate one of the more famous Yogiisms – "It's like déjà vu all over again."

In 1946, Berra wore uniform No. 38 on the Yankees, switching to 35 the next year. In 1948, he changed to No. 8, which he kept for the rest of his career on the Yankees (and later, the Mets). The No. 8 was retired in 1972 by the Yankees, jointly honoring Berra and Bill Dickey, his predecessor as the Yankees' star catcher. Berra's uniform number and stocky build were familiar enough to baseball fans that Sports Illustrated once used a photo of Berra facing away from the camera as its cover, with the blurb "YOGI'S BACK." Yankee television announcer Michael Kay has introduced Berra on Old Timers Day as "one of the best known faces on the planet."

Managing career

After Berra's Yankee playing career ended with the 1963 World Series, he was hired as the manager of the New York Yankees. Much was made of an incident on board the team bus in August. Following a loss, infielder Phil Linz was playing his harmonica, and Berra ordered him to stop. Seated on the other end of the bus, Linz couldn't hear what Berra had said, and Mickey Mantle impishly informed Linz, "He said to play it louder." When Linz did so, an angry Berra slapped the harmonica out of his hands. All was apparently forgotten when Berra's Yankees rode a September surge to return to the World Series. But the team lost to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games, after which Berra was fired. It was later learned that general manager Ralph Houk had been ready to discharge Berra since midseason, apparently for a perceived loss of control over the team.

Berra made a very brief return to the field as a player-coach for the crosstown Mets, playing in just four games. His last at-bat came on May 9, 1965, just three days shy of his 40th birthday. Berra stayed with the Mets as a coach for the next eight seasons, including their 1969 World Championship season. He then became the team's manager in 1972, following the sudden death of manager Gil Hodges. That same year, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. The following season looked like a disappointment at first. Midway through the 1973 season the Mets were stuck last place, but in a very tight divisional race. When the press asked Yogi if the season was finished, he replied, "It ain't over till it's over". Then his Mets team rallied and won the NL Eastern division despite winning just 82 games. In the NLCS of that year, the series featured the Cincinnati Reds and a classic brawl between Bud Harrelson and Pete Rose in game 3. After the incident fans were throwing objects onto the field aimed in the direction of Pete Rose. Sparky Anderson pulled Rose and his Reds off the field until order was restored. The Mets were also in danger of forfeiting the game. Yogi Berra walked out to left field with Willie Mays, Tom Seaver, Rusty Staub and Cleon Jones in order to plead with the fans to cease with their actions. Yogi's Mets went on to clobber the highly favored "Big Red Machine" in 5 games to capture the N.L. pennant. It was Berra's 2nd as a manager winning pennants from both leagues. In the 1973 World Series, Yogi's Mets faced the Oakland Athletics. He led the Mets to a 3 games to 2 lead, going into Oakland with Tom Seaver and Jon Matlack pitching on 3 days rest for games 6 and 7. As Yogi Berra would later be criticized for not using George Stone in game 6 as a starter, Yogi said afterward, "What better situation would you want to have? Seaver and Matlack having to win one game! I have no regrets or second thoughts. I went for the kill. It just wasn't in the cards". They would go on to lose that year's World Series, but it took seven hard fought games. Berra remained the team's manager for two more seasons until he was fired in August of 1975. In 1976, he rejoined the Yankees as a coach. The team won its first of three consecutive AL titles, and (as had been the case throughout his playing days) Berra's reputation as a lucky charm was reinforced. (Casey Stengel once said of his catcher, "He'd fall in a sewer and come up with a gold watch.") Berra was eventually elevated to Yankee manager before the 1984 season. Berra agreed to stay in the job for 1985 after receiving assurances that he would not be fired, but the impatient Steinbrenner did fire Berra after the 16th game of the season. Instead of firing him personally, Steinbrenner dispatched Clyde King to deliver the news for him [ [http://espn.go.com/page2/s/list/steinbrenner.html The List: Steinbrenner's worst] ESPN] . This caused a rift between the two men that would not be mended for almost 15 years. He later joined the Houston Astros as bench coach where he once again made it to the NLCS in 1986. The Astros would lose the series in six games to the New York Mets. He remained a coach in Houston until 1989.

On August 22, 1988, Berra and Dickey were honored with plaques to be hung in Monument Park at Yankee Stadium. Berra's plaque calls him "A legendary Yankee" and cites his most frequent quote, "It ain't over till it's over." However, the honor was not enough to shake Berra's conviction that Steinbrenner had broken their personal agreement; Berra would not set foot in the Stadium for another decade, after Steinbrenner publicly apologized to Berra.

In 1999, Berra appeared at No. 40 on "The Sporting News"' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and fan balloting elected him to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team. At the 2008 All-Star Game at Yankee Stadium, Berra had the honor of being the last of the 49 Hall of Famers in attendance to be announced. He received the loudest standing ovation of the Hall of Famers due to playing and managing both New York ballclubs.

Coaching and managing timeline

*1963– New York Yankees player–coach
*1964– New York Yankees manager (won American League pennant)
*1965– New York Mets player–coach
*1965–1972 – New York Mets coach (won World Series in 1969)
*1972–1975 – New York Mets manager (won National League pennant in 1973)
*1976–1983 – New York Yankees coach (won American League pennant in 1976 & 1981 and World Series in 1977 & 1978)
*1984–1985 – New York Yankees manager
*1986–1989 – Houston Astros coach

Career statistics