Alkalosis

Alkalosis

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption =
DiseasesDB =
ICD10 = ICD10|E|87|3|e|70
ICD9 = ICD9|276.3
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj =
eMedicineTopic =
MeshID = D000471

Alkalosis refers to a condition reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia). Generally alkalosis is said to occur when pH of the blood exceeds 7.45. The opposite condition is acidosis.

Types

More specifically, alkalosis can refer to:
* Respiratory alkalosis
* Metabolic alkalosis

Causes

The main cause of respiratory alkalosis is hyperventilation, resulting in a loss of carbon dioxide. Compensatory mechanisms for this would include increased dissociation of the carbonic acid buffering intermediate into hydrogen ions, and the related consumption of bicarbonate, both of which would lower blood pH.

Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by prolonged vomiting, resulting in a loss of hydrochloric acid with the stomach content. Severe dehydration, and the consumption of alkali are other causes.It can also be caused by administration of diuretics and endocrine disorders such as Cushing's syndrome. Compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis involve slowed breathing by the lungs to increase serum carbon dioxide, a condition leaning toward respiratory acidosis. Metabolic alkalosis is usually accompanied with hypokalemia. As respiratory acidosis often accompanies the compensation for metabolic alkalosis, and visa versa, a delicate balance is created between these two conditions.As the pH of blood increases, the protein in the blood becomes more ionised into anions. This causes the free calcium present in blood to bind storngly with protein. The hypocalcemia, if severe, may cause tetany (Alkalotic tetany).

ee also

* Acidosis
* Acid-base physiology
* Acid-base homeostasis
* milk-alkali syndrome
* Mixed disorder of acid-base balance

References

*GoldBookRef|title=alkalosis|url=http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00221.html


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • alkalosis — n. 1. abnormally high alkalinity in the blood and other body fluids. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • alkalosis — [al΄kə lō′sis] n. pl. alkaloses [al΄kə lō′sēz΄] [ ALKAL(I) + OSIS] an abnormal condition in the body, often due to faulty metabolism, in which excessive alkali, or a loss of acid, raises the pH of the blood and tissue: cf. ACIDOSIS alkalotic… …   English World dictionary

  • Alkalosis — A dangerous decrease in the normal acidity of the blood. There is too much base in the blood and body. This is a distinctly abnormal condition. It results from the accumulation of base or the depletion of acid. The pH of the alkalotic body… …   Medical dictionary

  • alkalosis — alkalotic /al keuh lot ik/, adj. /al keuh loh sis/, n. Pathol. a condition of the blood and other body fluids in which the bicarbonate concentration is above normal, tending toward alkalemia. [1910 15; ALKAL(I) + OSIS] * * * ▪ pathology… …   Universalium

  • alkalosis — n. a condition in which the alkalinity of body fluids and tissues is abnormally high. This arises because of a failure of the mechanisms that usually maintain a balance between alkalis and acids in the arterial blood (see acid base balance).… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • alkalosis — noun Date: 1911 an abnormal condition of increased alkalinity of the blood and tissues • alkalotic adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • alkalosis — noun An abnormally increased alkalinity in the blood …   Wiktionary

  • alkalosis — n. abnormally high level of alkaloids in the blood and tissue (Medicine) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • alkalosis — [ˌalkə ləʊsɪs] noun Medicine an excessively alkaline condition of the body fluids or tissues, which may cause weakness or cramp …   English new terms dictionary

  • alkalosis — al·ka·lo·sis …   English syllables

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