Centaur class aircraft carrier

The "Centaur" class of aircraft carriers of the British Royal Navy was the last of the light fleet carrier designs started during the closing years of World War II. Originally conceived as a class of eight vessels, with the end of hostilities, work on all the ships was suspended and four units "Monmouth", "Polyphemus", "Arrogant" and "Hermes" were cancelled outright.

The four remaining vessels remained uncompleted for the best part of a decade. The earlier light fleet carriers of the "Colossus" and "Majestic" designs were completed before work resumed on the larger ships. With the extended completion periods of the units, and the rapid advances in aircraft carrier design at the time of their building, it was almost inevitable that large differences should be seen between the various members of the class.

HMS "Centaur", the first to be completed, was commissioned in 1954. The ship had an axial flight deck and was thus unsuitable for operating the jets then rapidly supplanting piston engine aircraft in the Fleet Air Arm. Centaur was commissioned in Belfast and after completingher sea trials, she then steamed into Portsmouth Dockyard and for the next 6 months in 1954 the ship underwent a substantial reconstruction to provide for an angled flight deck, However, service in this new configuration did not last long. The ship was decommissioned in 1964 as part of the general run down of the British carrier fleet that had started. Conversion to a 'commando carrier' configuration was cancelled in 1965.

HMS|Albion|R07|6 and HMS|Bulwark|R08|6, the next two members of the class completed spent their lives inextricably linked. They both took part in Operation Musketeer, during the Suez Crisis, and they were both later converted into commando carriers. In this role, instead of carrying fast jets, they carried helicopters and marines. They were worked hard in the 1960s, with each taking turns deploying 'east of Suez' to the Far East Fleet. The link was broken when "Albion" was decommissioned in 1973. "Bulwark" lingered on a few years longer until 1976. However, in 1979, "Bulwark" was recommissioned in the anti-submarine role. It was only a short change though as an engine room fire in 1980 finally saw the old ship withdrawn from service.

The final ship of the class, started as "Elephant" but now HMS|Hermes|R12|6 had a longer service life than any of the others in British hands. Not being completed until 1959, some 15 years after being started, "Hermes" incorporated a full angled flight deck and other changes compared to "Centaur", "Albion" and "Bulwark". "Hermes" was the last conventional aircraft carrier to be built for the Royal Navy until construction began on the Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers in 2007.

After fulfilling the role of a light attack carrier for a number of years, "Hermes" was converted to a commando carrier to replace "Albion" in the early 1970s. However, a return to operating fixed wing aircraft beckoned at the end of the decade. "Hermes" was fitted with a ski-jump to enable the ship to operate the new Sea Harrier aircraft then coming into service. In this role, the ship saw considerable action in the Falklands War, acting as the flagship of the aircraft carrier task force. "Hermes" finally left Royal Navy service in 1984, and was sold to India. As INS "Viraat", the ship continues in active service as of 2007.

The "Centaur" class were intermediate in size between the "Colossus" and "Majestic" class light carriers and the full "Audacious" class fleet carriers. At first this did not prove to be a hindrance. However, as the 1960s progressed, and jets continued to get larger and heavier, the point was eventually reached where the "Centaur"s could not sustain a balanced air wing of conventional aircraft. "Hermes" survived as a conventional carrier longest, even operating the Blackburn Buccaneer. However, there was no chance of "Hermes" being able to operate the Phantom.

In roles they were not originally designed for, the class also proved successful. The loss of "Albion" and "Bulwark's" helicopter capability was keenly felt in the Royal Navy for many years, until an effective replacement, in the form of HMS|Ocean|L12|6 was commissioned in 1998. "Hermes" also performed sterling service as a platform for the Sea Harrier and made a vital contribution to the winning of the largest naval war since 1945.