Santo & Johnny

Santo & Johnny were an Italian-American rock and roll duo from Brooklyn comprised of brothers Santo and Johnny Farina. They are best known for their instrumental "Sleep Walk," which became a regional hit and eventually reached #1 on the pop charts when it was released nationally.cite web
url=http://www.recordresearch.com/numones/numone_pop_1950s.html
title="Billboard #1 Pop Hits — 1950 - 1959"
publisher=Record Research Inc.
accessdate=2007-09-01] cite web
url=http://www.spaceagepop.com/santoand.htm
title="Santo and Johnny" at The Space Age Pop Music Page
accessdate=2007-08-30]

Early life

Santo and Johnny Farina were born in Brooklyn, New York; Santo on October 24, 1937 and Johnny on April 30, 1941.cite web
url=http://www.history-of-rock.com/santo_and_johnny.htm
title="Santo & Johnny" at The History of Rock
accessdate=2007-08-30] Their father was drafted into the Army while they were children and was stationed for some time in Oklahoma. After hearing a steel guitar on the radio, he wrote to his wife, "I'd like the boys to learn to play this instrument".cite web
url=http://santoandjohnny.com/Bio.php
title="Santo & Johnny Bio"]

Upon returning from World War II, the boys' father found a music teacher who gave the boys steel guitar lessons. When Santo was a teenager, he was able to get a local music store to modify an acoustic guitar, allowing him to play it like a steel guitar.

Within two years, Santo was performing in amateur shows on a new Gibson six-string steel guitar and had started receiving lessons from a steel guitar teacher who had studied in Hawaii. By the age of fourteen, Santo was composing songs, and formed an instrumental trio with a guitarist and drummer. This trio appeared at local dances and parties, performing both original compositions and some Hawaiian standards. With money Santo made from these performances, he bought another steel guitar, one with three necks, each with eight strings. This allowed him to experiment even further, and he tried different tunings until he found ones that appealed to him.

When Johnny reached the age of twelve, he began to play accompaniment to Santo on a standard electric guitar. The brothers soon formed a duo and became rather popular in school, eventually performing at events in the New York boroughs. They recorded a demo which they circulated to local New York record companies.

In 1958, Mike Dee & The Mello Tones (Santo Farina, steel guitar; Johnny Farina, guitar and their uncle Mike Dee, drums) recorded a self-penned instrumental which they called "Deep Sleep". Loosely inspired by the song "Softly, As In The Morning Sunrise (Sigmund Romberg, 1929), it had the same chord progression but a much simpler melody line.Fact|date=September 2008

"Deep Sleep" became "Sleep Walk" and in August 1959 it topped the American charts. "Sleep Walk" continues to be one of the most popular and easily recognized instrumentals of all time.Fact|date=September 2008

Career

The brothers eventually came to the attention of a music publishing company and signed a song writer's contract and eventually a contract with Canadian-American Records. Their first release, "Sleep Walk", was composed by the two brothers. (The original single credits three Farinas, including an "A. Farina" for the composition. It's sometimes reported that their mother or sister helped, but this is apparently false.cite web
url=http://www.npr.org/programs/asc/archives/asc13/#santo
title="All Songs Considered" Episode 13
publisher=NPR
date=2002-02-06
work=NPR's Online Music Show
accessdate=2007-09-01] ) It was recorded at Trinity Records in Manhattan. "Sleep Walk" entered Billboard's 'Top 40' on August 17, 1959. It rose to the No. 1 position for two weeks in September (the 21st and the 28th)and remained in the 'Top 40' list until November 9th. It was the last instrumental to hit #1 in the 1950s and earned Santo & Johnny a gold record. The follow-up song "Tear Drop" was also a hit, though their LP "Santo & Johnny" was less successful in the United States.

After touring Europe, Mexico, and Australia, Santo & Johnny signed to an Italian record label and had several hits in Europe that included "Sleep Walk", "Love Story", "Maria Elena", "Ebb Tide", "Love is Blue", "Enchanted Sea", and others.Fact|date=September 2008 In 1965 they released an album of Beatles covers; "And I Love Her" hit #1 in Mexico and held the spot for 21 weeks. In 1973, Santo & Johnny recorded the theme to the movie "The Godfather", which went to #1 in Italy and stayed at that spot for 21 weeks.Fact|date=September 2008 They received a gold record in Italy and were inducted into the Italian Music Hall of Fame.Fact|date=September 2008

They continued recording and releasing albums until 1976, after which Santo began a solo career.Fact|date=September 2008

Legacy

"Sleep Walk" continues to be popular due to consistent radio airplay as well as its usage in commercials, television shows, and movies. One of the first covers was by Betsy Brye [cite web
url=http://www.sunpk.com/art/cdart/pages/033betteannebio.htm
title="Bette Anne Steele Bio"
accessdate=2007-09-01] (stage name of Bette Anne Steele) in 1959. While Santo & Johnny wrote lyrics for "Sleepwalk", they never recorded a lyrical version, but Betsy Brye's version included these lyrics. It has been also covered by The Shadows, The Ventures, Jake Shimabukuro,Amos Garrett,
Larry Carlton, [cite web
url= http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/product.aspx?ob=prd&src=list&pid=10743
title="Larry Carlton - Sleepwalk - GRP Records"
accessdate=2007-08-30] ,
Deftones,
Chet Atkins, [cite web
url=http://www.misterguitar.com/discography/teensville.html
title="Teensville" (1960) at Chet Atkins: Mister Guitar - Discography
accessdate = 2007-08-30]
Danny Gatton, and
Joe Satriani. [cite web
url=http://www.metal-rules.com/interviews/SatrianiInterview.htm
title="Interview with Joe Satriani"
work=Heart of Steel
publisher = Metal-Rules.com [http://www.metal-rules.com]
year=2002
month=October
format=Web
accessdate=2007-08-30] Indie group Modest Mouse also covered the song with lyrics and entitled their version "Sleepwalking". A version of the song by Brian Setzer received a Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance of 1998. [cite web
url=http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx?title=&winner=brian%20setzer&year=0&genreID=0&hp=1
title= Grammy Award winners (Brian Setzer)
accessdate=2007-08-30]

In Europe, French award-wining guitarist Jean-Pierre Danel hit the Top 20 with his instrumental version of the song recorded in 2006. "Sleep Walk" was used throughout the 1992 Stephen King film, "Sleepwalkers".

Santo & Johnny were induced into The Steel Guitar Hall of Fame in 2002. [cite web|url=http://www.scottysmusic.com/hofplq.htm|title=The Steel Guitar Hall of Fame (list of inductees)|accessdate=2007-08-30]

Discography

Canadian-American Records Ltd

*"Santo & Johnny" (1959)
*"Encore" (1960)
*"Hawaii" (1961)
*"Come On In" (1962)
*"Around the World... with Santo & Johnny" (1962)
*"Offshore" (1963)
*"In the Still of the Night" (1964)
*"Santo & Johnny Wish You Love" (1964)
*"The Beatles Greatest Hits Played by Santo & Johnny" (1964)
*"Mucho" (1965)
*"Santo y Johnny en México" (1965?)

Imperial

*"The Brilliant Guitar Sounds of Santo & Johnny" (1967)
*"Golden Guitars" (1968)
*"On the Road Again" (1968)
*"The Best That Could Happen" (1969)

Black Tulip

*"The Original Recordings"

References

For Discography::*David Edwards and Mike Callahan, [http://www.bsnpubs.com/nyc2/canam.html Canadian-American Album Discography] . Retrieved on 2007-09-01.:* [http://www.spaceagepop.com/santoand.htm "Santo and Johnny" at The Space Age Pop Music Page] . Retrieved on 2007-09-01.