James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
- James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (17 April 1791 – 12 April 1868) was an English Conservative politician. He was known by the courtesy title Viscount Cranborne before 1823.
He entered the House of Commons in 1813 as a Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, and later sat for Hertford before succeeding to the marquessate in 1823. He served in two of Lord Derby's governments, first as Lord Privy Seal (1852) and later as Lord President of the Council (1858 – 1859). He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1842.
He was married twice. His first marriage was on 2 February 1821 to Frances Mary Gascoyne (c. 1806 - 15 October, 1839), daughter of Bamber Gascoyne (Lord of the Manor of Childwell Hall) and his wife Sarah Price. She was also the paternal granddaughter of Bamber Gascoyne and wife Mary Green (whose parents Isaac Green and Mary Aspinwall were Americans). The couple had six children including:
* Blanche Mary Harriet ( - 1872) mother of Arthur Balfour
* Robert (1830 - 1903), who succeeded him as third marquess, and was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between 1885 and 1902.
His second marriage on 29 April 1847 was to Mary Catherine Sackville-West (daughter of the 5th Earl de la Warr and Lady Elizabeth Sackville, Baroness Buckhurst), with whom he had five children.
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