James Pollock

James Pollock (September 11, 1810ndash April 19 1890) was the governor of the State of Pennsylvania from 1855 to 1858.

Political career

James Pollock graduated from the College of New Jersey at Princeton before setting up a law practice in his home community, in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. District attorney and judicial appointments followed and in 1844 he was elected to the United States House of Representatives where he served three successive terms.

As a freshman congressman, Pollock boarded in the same rooming house as another new congressman, Abraham Lincoln and they soon developed a mutual respect and longstanding friendship.

Pollock was an early supporter of Samuel Morse and his idea for a telegraph and was instrumental in getting the United States Congress to appropriate a small amount to help build the first line. He was present in the room when the first message, “What hath God wrought” was received, ushering in a new age of telecommunication.

Pollock was also the first in Congress to advocate the construction of a railroad across the continent, connecting newly acquired California with the east. In a speech in 1848 he said, “At the risk of being considered insane, I will venture the prediction that, in less than twenty-five years from this evening, a railroad will be completed and in operation between New York and San Francisco, California.” The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, four years inside the limit fixed by Mr. Pollock.

He returned to the judiciary in Pennsylvania's Eighth District in 1850.

Pollock was nominated by the Whig Party for the governor's race in 1854, amid controversy surrounding the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

During his administration, Pennsylvania began to sell its publicly held railroads and canals, and he helped steer the state through the financial Panic of 1857. He chaired the Pennsylvania delegation to the Washington Peace Convention in 1861, and was appointed by President Lincoln as Director of the Philadelphia mint that same year. While leading the United States Mint, he was instructed by the Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase in a letter to come up with suggestions for including "the trust of our people in God" in a motto on America's coins. Pollock proposed a number of mottos, including "Our Trust Is In God" and "God Our Trust," which Chase ultimately revised to "In God We Trust."

The 1864 two-cent piece was the first coin with the approved motto and today all American coins are inscribed with “In God We Trust.”

Christian faith

James Pollock possessed a strong faith in God. Concurring with Secretary Chase’s instructions, in his 1863 report to the Secretary of the Treasury, he wrote,“We claim to be a Christian nation—why should we not vindicate our character by honoring the God of Nations…Our national coinage should do this. Its legends and devices should declare our trust in God—in Him who is “King of Kings and Lord of Lords.” The motto suggested, “God our Trust,” is taken from our National Hymn, the Star-Spangled Banner.” The sentiment is familiar to every citizen of our country—it has thrilled the hearts and fallen in song from the lips of millions of American Freemen. The time for the introduction of this or a similar motto, is propitious and appropriate. ‘Tis an hour of National peril and danger—an hour when man’s strength is weakness—when our strength and our nation’s strength and salvation, must be in the God of Battles and of Nations. Let us reverently acknowledge his sovereignty, and let our coinage declare our trust in God.”

Mr. Pollock served as Vice President of the American Sunday School Union from 1855 until his death in 1890. In that role he had the distinction of presiding over more mission business meetings than any man in the history of AMF other than the first president. Greatly respected by his fellow managers, it was recorded that ‘he was always eager to do the Lord’s business with earnestness and dispatch’ and while conscious of the power of his masterful mind and loving heart, his fellows managers ‘most appreciated his depth of consecration.’

Memorialization

Pollock has a residence area, dining commons, and campus road named for him on the University Park campus of Penn State University, the institution which received its charter during his term as governor.

ources

*CongBio|P000416
* [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/pollack-pomerene.html The Political Graveyard]
* The Sunday School Movement and the American Sunday School Union by Edwin Wilbur Rice: Union Press, 1917.
*The Torch and the Flag by Galbraith Hall Todd; Union Press, 1966.
*United States Mint Annual Report, 1863.
*In Memoriam, James Pollack: published privately by the family of James Pollack, c. 1890.

External links

*