Francis Lovelace

Francis Lovelace (1621-1675) was the third son of Sir William Lovelace (1584-1627) and his wife Anne Barne of Lovelace Place, Bethersden and Woolrich, Kent. He was the younger brother of Richard Lovelace, the Cavalier poet. The Bethersden Lovelace lineage was founded in 1367 by John Lovelace, six generations before Francis, and has been confused over the years with the Hurley Lovelaces who were raised to the House of Lords.

The five Lovelace brothers supported Charles II in his fight to be restored to the throne. When Cromwell was defeated, Charles gave his brother, the Duke of York (later to become King James II), rights to the colony of Nieuw Amsterdam when Richard Nicolls took it from the Dutch in 1667. Many people did not like him because they thought Oliver Cromwell was their savior.

The Duke of York appointed Lovelace the second governor of the New York colony in 1668 after the departure of Richard Nicolls. His administration was terminated by the temporary re-capture of the colony by the Dutch in 1673.

During a brief period in 1673, Dutch Admiral Cornelis Evertsen the youngest captured New York and re-established Nieuw Amsterdam. From 1673 to 1674, Dutch naval Captain Anthony Colve was military governor-general pro-term until the British recaptured the colony.

Lovelace was meeting with the Governor of Massachusetts when the Dutch re-established Nieuw Amsterdam. He was planning the first postal system from New York to Boston. The Duke of York blamed Lovelace for the loss of his colony, confiscated his plantation on Staten Island, and shut him up in the Tower of London, where he contracted dropsy and died in penury two years later 1675.

The third new Governor of New York after Francis Lovelace was John Lovelace, 4th Lord Lovelace of Hurley - no kin to Francis of the Bethersden Lovelaces. Early geneologists confused Francis with an identically named son of Richard, 1st Lord Lovelace of Hurley, due to a pamphlet issued at the time of his appointment mistakenly asserting that he was the brother of the said Richard. The confusion has also spread to more modern historians.

References

*Paltsis, Victor Hugo (ed.) (1910). Minutes of the Executive Council of the Province of New York: Administration of Francis Lovelace 1668-1673. State of New York, Albany. (including collateral Documents and Illustrations)
* [http://beatl.barnard.columbia.edu/kingsv1/NYGovs.htm The British Governors of Colonial New York]