1555

Year 1555 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events of 1555

January - June

* February 2 - The Diet of Augsburg begins.
* February 4 - John Rogers becomes the first Protestant martyr in England under Mary I.
* February 8 - Laurence Saunders is led barefoot to his execution and burned at the stake.
* February 9 - Rowland Taylor, Rector of Hadleigh, Suffolk is the third leading Protestant martyr/Christian martyr to suffer from Queen "Bloody Mary's" (Mary I) reign. He along with the Bishop of Gloucester, John Hooper, are burned at the stake.
* April 10 - Pope Marcellus II succeeds Pope Julius III as the 222nd pope.
* April 17 - After 18 months of siege, Siena surrenders to the Florentine-Imperial army.
* May 23 - Pope Paul IV succeeds Pope Marcellus II as the 223rd pope.

July - December

*July 12 - Pope Paul IV creates the first Jewish ghetto in Rome.
* September 25 - The Peace of Augsburg is signed.
* October 16 - Latimer and Ridley, English Protestant martyrs, are burned at the stake.

Undated

* Russia breaks a 60-year-old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland.
* Gresham's School is founded by Sir John Gresham
* Humayun starts to rule the Mughal Empire a second time.
* Bairam Khan defeats Hindu forces at Panipat.
* "Negro" - the Spanish term for "black person" is coined.

Births

* March 18 - François, Duke of Anjou, youngest son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici (d. 1584)
* April 21 - Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1619)
* June 11 - Lodovico Zacconi, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1627)
* August 1 - Edward Kelley, English spirit medium (d. 1597)
* September 28 - Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, duc de Bouillon, Marshal of France (d. 1623)
* October 11- Veronica Polin
* December 4 - Heinrich Meibom, German historian and poet (d. 1625)
*December 27 - Johann Arndt, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1621)
*"date unknown"
**Richard Carew, Cornish translator and antiquary (d. 1620)
**Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski, Polish nobleman (d. 1628)
**Samuel Eidels, Rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1631)
**Joshua Falk, Rabbi and commentator (d. 1614)
**Henry Garnet, English Jesuit (d. 1606)
**Lancelot Andrewes, English clergyman and scholar (d. 1626)
**François de Malherbe, French poet (d. 1628)
**Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński, Polish nobleman (d. 1628)
**Okudaira Sadamasa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1615)
**Konishi Yukinaga, Japanese Christian daimyo (d. 1600)

Deaths

*January 14 - Jacques Dubois, French anatomist (b. 1478)
* February 4 - John Rogers, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1500)
* February 8 - Laurence Saunders, English clergyman (burned at the stake)
* February 9
** John Hooper, English churchman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1497)
** Rowland Taylor, English Protestant martyr (burned at the stake) (b. 1510)
* March 14 - John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485)
* March 23 - Pope Julius III (b. 1487)
* April 12 - Joanna of Castile, queen of Philip I of Castile (b. 1479)
*April 18 - Polydore Vergil, English historian (b. 1470)
* April 30 - Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
* May 25
** Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (b. 1508)
** Henry II of Navarre (b. 1503)
* August 25 - Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (b. 1473)
* September 8 - Saint Thomas of Villanueva, Spanish bishop (b. 1488)
* October 9 - Justus Jonas, German Protestant reformer (b. 1493)
* October 16
**Hugh Latimer, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1487)
**Nicholas Ridley, English clergyman (burned at the stake)
* October 25 - Olympia Fulvia Morata, Italian classical scholar (b. 1526)
* November 12 - Stephen Gardiner, English bishop and Lord Chancellor (b. 1493)
* November 21 - Georg Agricola, German scientist (b. 1490)
* December - Stanisław Kostka, Polish noble (b. 1487)