1834

Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1834

* January 1 - Zollverein: Customs charges are abolished at borders within Germany.
* January 3 - The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City.
* March 6 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto.
* March 27 - Andrew Jackson is censured by the Congress of the United States.
* April 14 - The Whig Party is officially named by United States Senator Henry Clay.
* June 7 - Greek independence general Theodoros Kolokotronis is sentenced to death for treason for resisting the rule of Otto of Greece (he is released next year).
* July 15 - The Spanish Inquisition, which began in the 15th century, is suppressed by royal decree.
* July 16 - William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne succeeds Earl Grey as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
* July 24 - The Liberal Wars end in Portugal.
* August 1 - Slavery is abolished in the British Empire (see Slavery Abolition Act).
* August 11/12 - Ursuline Convent Riots: A convent of Ursuline nuns is burned near Boston, MA.
* August 15 - The South Australia Act allows for the creation of a colony there.
* October 16 - The Palace of Westminster is destroyed by fire.
* December 10 - Sir Robert Peel succeeds Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
* December 11 - The Sixth Xhosa War is characterized by severe clashes between white settlers and Bantu peoples in Cape Colony; Dutch speaking settlers colonize the area north of Orange River.

Undated

* A pro-republic uprising fails in Piedmont; one of the activists is Giuseppe Garibaldi.
* The British East India Company monopoly on China trade ends.
* Robert Owen organizes the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union.
* Athens becomes Greece's capital city.

Births

January - June

* January 7 - Johann Philipp Reis, German physicist and inventor (d. 1874)
* February 8 - Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist (d. 1907)
* February 9 - Felix Dahn, German author (d. 1912)
* February 16 - Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher (d. 1919)
* February 19 - Charles Davis Lucas, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1914)
* March 16 - James Hector, Scottish geologist (d. 1907)
* March 17 - Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and inventor (d. 1900)
* March 22 - John Mccain, Republican presidential candidate.
* March 20 - Charles W. Eliot, American President of Harvard University (d. 1926)
* March 23 - Julius Reubke, German composer (d. 1858)
* March 24
** William Morris, English poet and artist (d. 1896)
** John Wesley Powell, American explorer (d. 1902)
* April 1 - Big Jim Fisk, American entrepreneur (d. 1872)
* April 2 - Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (d. 1904)
* May 23 - Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish sculptor (d. 1890)
* June 19 - Charles Spurgeon, English Baptist preacher (d. 1892)

July - December

* July 10 - James McNeill Whistler, American painter and etcher (d. 1903)
* July 19 - Edgar Degas, French painter (d. 1917)
* August 4 - John Venn, British mathematician (d. 1923)
* August 22 - Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (d. 1906)
* August 31 - Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer (d. 1886)
* September 9 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (d. 1903)
* November 19 - Georg Hermann Quincke, German physicist (d. 1924)
* October 8 - Walter Kittredge, American composer (d. 1905)
* December 16 - Léon Walras, French economist (d. 1910)

Deaths

January - June

* January 12 - William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
* January 17 - Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist (b. 1762)
* February 2 - Lorenzo Dow, American minister (b. 1777)
* February 12 - Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian (b. 1768)
* February 23 - Karl Ludwig von Knebel, German poet (b. 1744)
* March 2 - José Cecilo del Valle, first President of Central America (b. 1780)
* April 5 - Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Goodwin Keats, Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1757)
* April 10 - John 'Merino' MacArthur, Australian farmer (b. 1767)
* April 11 - John 'Mad Jack' Fuller, English philanthropist and patron of the arts and sciences (b. 1757)
* April 29 - Grigore IV Ghica, prince of Wallachia (b. 1755)
* May 20 - Marquis de la Fayette, French nobleman and soldier (b. 1757)

July - December

* July 12 - David Douglas, Scottish botanist (b. 1799)
* July 14 - Edmond Charles Genêt, French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution (b. 1763)
* July 19 - Károly Hadaly, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1743)
* July 25 - Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English writer (b. 1772)
* August 1 - Robert Morrison, Scottish Protestant missionary to China (b. 1782)
* August 7 - Joseph Marie Jacquard, French inventor (b. 1752)
* August 17 - Husein Gradaščević, Bosnian rebel leader (b. 1802)
* September 2 - Thomas Telford, Scottish engineer (b. 1757)
* September 9 - James Weddell, Antarctic explorer (b. 1787)
* September 16 - William Blackwood, English writer (b. 1776)
* September 24 - Emperor Pedro I of Brazil (b. 1798)
* October 8 - François-Adrien Boïeldieu, French composer (b. 1775)
* October 11 - William John Napier, 9th Lord Napier, British Navy officer, politician and diplomat (b. 1786)
* December 23 - Thomas Malthus, English economist and political philosopher (b. 1766)
* December 27 - Charles Lamb, English essayist (b. 1775)