- William Gould
The Rev. William Gould A.M. was an English cleric and naturalist.
He was born at
Sharpham Park,Somerset , son of Davidge Gould, and educated at Exeter College,Oxford , where he matriculated in 1732, aged 17; he gained hisB.A. in 1736. He was afterwards Rector ofStapleford Abbotts inEssex .He was described by
Horace Donisthorpe as "the father of Britishmyrmecology " [cite web|url=http://www.isleofavalon.co.uk/history/thornwaters.html|title=The Thorn and The Waters|last=Stout|first=Adam|publisher= The Isle of Avalon|accessdate=2008-08-07] (the branch ofentomology dealing withant s).He is most famous for his book, "An account of English ants", published in
London byA. Millar in 1747. [cite book|last=Ferchault de Réaumur|first=René-Antoine|title=The natural history of ants|publisher=Ayer Publishing|date=1977|isbn=9780405103827|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-nmeuJDq7pEC&pg=PR17-IA2&lpg=PR17-IA2&dq=myrmecology+William+Gould&source=web&ots=nj3H4cuqj0&sig=9Hc3QrpyDe4v0_SgzOF1SwQT2lI&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result] It was the first scientific paper written onant s, with 109 pages, and brought together all previous observation into a single volume. When it was published it was quite controversial, since Gould, albeit reluctantly, conceded that his observations directly contradicted theBible , specifically Proverbs 6:6-8, where it was written::"Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways and be wise; which having no chief, overseer, or ruler, provideth her bread in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest."
Gould, however, correctly stated that there was no evidence at all to suggest that any of the British ant species he knew hoarded grain, and for this reason he faced much criticism from the
established church .His book remains an important early record in ant observation and the science of myrmecology, even though he only recognised a handful of species, which he categoried as "hill ants", "jet ants", "red ants", "common yellow ants", and "small black ants". His work is divided into four chapters:
* Their different Species and Mechanism
* Their manner of Government, and a Description of their several Queens
* The Production of their Eggs, and Process of the Young
* The incessant Labours of the Workers or common AntsReferences
ee also
*
Myrmecology for a list of other notable myrmecologists.
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
