- Ureterosigmoidostomy
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A ureterosigmoidostomy is a surgical procedure where theureter s which carry urine from thekidney s, are diverted into thesigmoid colon . It is done as a treatment forbladder cancer , where theurinary bladder had to be removed. It was also used several decades ago as a correctional procedure for patients born withbladder exstrophy . In the case of some bladder exstrophy patients, occasional bowel incontinence (in this case, a mixture of urine and feces similar to diarrhea) at night is one uncontrollable consequence.Another consequence of this procedure is an increased risk of kidney infections (
nephritis ) due to bacteria fromfaeces travelling back up the ureters (reflux).As well as this, the urine entering the colon can cause diarrhea and salt imbalance due to the
sodium andchloride in the urine.Urea levels in theblood are higher due to urea crossing the colon wall. In thelarge intestine , sodium is swapped forpotassium , and chloride forbicarbonate , this causes anacidosis andhypokalaemia .Patients with ureterosigmoidostomy have an increased chance of developing carcinoma of the colon after living with the modification for a number of years.
This operation is no longer popular in many countries, an
ileal conduit (where the ureters lead into a loop ofsmall intestine ) being performed instead.
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