Trellech

:"for the village in Carmarthenshire, see Trelech"Trellech (occasionally spelt "Trelech", "Treleck" or "Trelleck") (Modern Welsh: "Tryleg") is a village in Monmouthshire, south east Wales at gbmapping|SO500054, near Monmouth and the location of an archaeological site. The village is designated as a Conservation Area. [ [http://www.monmouthshire.gov.uk/udp/chapter10.html Adopted Unitary Development Plan ] ]

The name of the village derives from the Welsh language and means either "the town (tre) of slates ("llech")" or "three ("tri") slates ("llech")". There are three standing stones in the village, known as Harold's Stones. There are 26 known spellings for the village, including those mentioned above which can be found on road signs at three of the six entrances into the village.

History

Trellech was one of the major towns of medieval Wales, the remains of which have been subject to excavations which have continued over many years and which still continue today. It is most likely that the town was established specifically for the exploitation of local supplies of iron ore and charcoal. By 1288 there were 378 burgage plots recorded in Trellech, which would have made it larger than Cardiff or Chepstow at the time. Trellech was largely destroyed in 1291, however, as a result of a raid following a dispute over alleged deer poaching. The Black Death struck in 1340 and again in 1350. Subsequently the ravages of Owain Glyndwr and his men in the early 1400s further reduced the prosperity and in consequence the importance of Trellech.

Archaeological investigations

Archaeological investigations at Trellech have been led since the early 1990s by the South Wales Centre for Historical and Interdisciplinary Research at the University of Wales, Newport. [ [http://timezone.newport.ac.uk/SWCHIR/SWCHIR.html South Wales Centre for Historical and Interdisciplinary Research] ] There is currently some dispute over the layout and development of the medieval town and its environs. [ [http://www.archaeology.org/0609/etc/conversations.html Interview with Stuart Wilson] ] In 2005, young archaeology graduate Stuart Wilson privately bought a field in which, he was convinced, were remains of the lost medieval town. ["Unearthed by moles...Britain's lost city", "The Mail on Sunday", 26 February 2006] His interest in this field and the possibility that his hunch might be correct was the subject of a 30-minute BBC Radio 4 documentary, presented by the archaeologist Francis Pryor, and entitled "The Boy Who Bought a Field", broadcast on 6 March 2006. The programme revealed that Wilson had apparently discovered medieval walls and yard-paving.

Places of historical interest

Harold's Stones

These large monoliths of conglomerate stone, commonly referred to as pudding stone, are situated in a field to the south of the village. [ [http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/262365 Photo of "Harold's Stones"] ] They date back to the Bronze Age - much earlier than King Harold. It is supposed that they were dragged to the site on logs and levered into position, probably either for seasonal information or for use at religious ceremonies. Some believe that they were aligned with the winter solstice on with the Skirrid mountain, also known as the "Holy Mountain of Gwent". [cite book | author=Palmer, Roy | title=The Folklore of (old) Monmouthshire | location=Little Logaston | publisher=Logaston Press | year=2000 | id=ISBN 1-873827-40-7] A fourth stone, on nearby common land, was destroyed in the 18th century. [George Children and George Nash, "A Guide To Prehistoric Sites In Monmouthshire", 1996, ISBN 1-873827-49-0]

The Virtuous Well

Sometimes known as St Anne's Well, this can be found in a field on the left of the road to Tintern, a little way out of the village to the east. [http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/477787] Water from the well is alleged to be rich in iron and has been thought to possess curative properties.

Tump Turret

Tump Turret, [http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/473817] some 20 feet high, is situated within Court Farm, a farmyard to the south-west of the church. It dates back to Norman times, as the site of a small motte and bailey castle.There is a superstition that calamity will overtake anyone who attempts to excavate it. Fact|date=September 2008

t Nicholas' Church

The church is a central focal point of the village [ [http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/481016m Geograph photo of church] ] and has an elegant pointed and prominent spire, a font and ancient sundial. A church on this site, probably a wooden structure, was endowed by Kings Ffernwael ap Ithel and Meurig ap Tewdrig who were rulers of Gwent in the 7th and 8th centuries. The Preaching Cross in the churchyard [http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/504406] may date back to this time as may the font. The present building dates from the 13th and 14th centuries. The early English Gothic stonework has been dated to between 1225 and 1272, and that of the Decorated Gothic up to 1350.

When the weathercock was removed from the spire in 1972 it was found to have been made in Ross-on-Wye in 1792. The original spire fell damaging the roof of the nave and a contemporary reference attributes this to "lightning and storms". In the belfry the cage housing the three bells is of a type similar to that found in others constructed about the year 1700.

At the end of the last century the church was in a very neglected state and was extensively renovated and re-roofed. The Belgian slates then in place were replaced with Welsh slates in 1961. The chancel was replastered in 1972 and painted white. During 1974 considerable further repairs were undertaken to the north and south aisles, and in 2001 the majority of the churchyard dry-stone wall was removed and rebuilt. There remains a great deal yet to be done to the building, however, if it is to be brought up to a reasonable standard.

Records are held by the church dating from 1692. A complete list of vicars and churchwardens, dating from 1359, can be found hanging by the entrance to the south aisle.

Other places of interest

The Lion Inn

The "Lion Inn" currently holds many accolades for its good food and real fire pub atmosphere. It has regular events including live music, an annual beer festival, entering a team in the local Monmouth raft race, charity events, and a Burns night celebration.

Primary School

The village is home to Trellech Primary School.

Notable people

*Mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) was born at "Ravenscroft", the country home of his parents Lord and Lady Amberley, situated between Trellech and Llandogo. The property is now called "Cleddon Hall".

References

External links

* [http://www.lioninn.co.uk/ The Lion Inn Website]
* [http://www.lostcityoftrellech.co.uk/ Lost City of Trellech project]
* [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/wal/MON/Trelleck/index.html Genuki info on Trellech with links]
* [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~familyalbum/krelleck.htm Kelly's 1901 Directory of Monmouthshire on Trellech]
* [http://www.castlewales.com/trellech.html Castle Wales website on Trellech castle site]