Browne–Fitzpatrick privilege case, 1955

The Browne–Fitzpatrick privilege case, 1955, was legal case which eventually limited the right of privilege of the Australian Parliament. On 3 May 1955, Charles Morgan, member of the House of Representatives for the Division of Reid in New South Wales, informed Parliament that an article appearing in the "Bankstown Observer" for 28 April 1955 had impugned his personal honour and challenged his fitness to be a Member of Parliament.

In an article headed "MHR and Immigration Racket", it was alleged that Morgan, a lawyer before entering Parliament, had engaged in corrupt schemes involving refugee migration from Europe to Australia before World War II. The "Bankstown Observer", a free weekly newspaper distributed throughout areas of suburban Sydney that included the Reid electorate, was owned by Raymond Edward Fitzpatrick, a Bankstown businessman and political rival of Morgan. Morgan ended his speech by moving that the newspaper article be referred to the House of Representatives Standing Committee of Privileges (the 'Privileges Committee') for investigation. The House approved the motion.

Over the ensuing weeks, the Privileges Committee met on a number of occasions to deal with the matter. Morgan, Fitzpatrick and Frank Courtney Browne (the editor of the "Bankstown Observer" at the time) appeared before the Committee and were questioned by its members. The Committee report, presented to the House of Representatives on 8 June 1955, concluded that a breach of privilege had occurred and recommended that the House take appropriate action.

The House determined that Browne and Fitzpatrick be required to appear before the Bar of the Chamber on 10 June 1955 to answer the charges brought against them. Having heard statements from both men, the House, on a motion from Prime Minister Robert Menzies voted that Browne and Fitzpatrick be committed to 90 days in gaol. Subsequent appeals to the High Court of Australia and the Privy Council were unsuccessful and the sentences were served in the Canberra police lock-up (while appeals were pending) and Goulburn Gaol.