Subtalar joint

Infobox Anatomy
Name = Subtalar joint
Latin = articulatio subtalaris, articulatio talocalcanea
GraySubject = 96
GrayPage = 352


Caption = Subtalar Joint

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Caption2 = Ligaments of the medial aspect of the foot.
System =
MeshName = Subtalar+Joint
MeshNumber = A02.835.583.378.831.780
DorlandsPre = a_64
DorlandsSuf = 12161574

In human anatomy, the subtalar joint, also known as thetalocalcaneal joint, is a joint of the foot. It occurs at the meeting point of the talus and the calcaneus.

Motion

The joint allows inversion and eversion of the foot, but plays no role in dorsiflexion or plantarflexion of the foot. [cite book |author=Kyung Won, PhD. Chung |title=Gross Anatomy (Board Review) |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |location=Hagerstown, MD |year=2005 |pages=123 |isbn=0-7817-5309-0 |oclc= |doi=]

It is considered a plane synovial joint [Moore and Agur. Essential Clinical Anatomy. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2007. ISBN 978-0-7817-6274-8] , also commonly referred to as uniaxial hinge joint.

Relation of bones

The talus is oriented slightly obliquely on the anterior surface of the calcaneus.

There are two points of articulation between the two bones: one anteriorly and one posteriorly:
* At the "anterior talocalcaneal articulation", a area of the talus fits on a surface of the calcaneus.
* The "posterior talocalcaneal articulation" is formed by a concave surface of the talus and a convex surface of the calcaneus.

The subtalar joint contributes to 10% of dorsiflexion of the ankle.

Ligaments and membranes

The main ligament of the joint is the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, a thick, strong band of two partially joined fibers that bind the talus and calcaneus. It runs through the sinus tarsi, a canal between the articulations of the two bones.

There are four additional ligaments that form weaker connectionsbetween the talus and calcaneus.

* The anterior talocalcaneal ligament (or anterior interosseous ligament) attaches at the neck of the talus on the front and lateral surfaces to the superior calcaneus.

* The short band of the posterior talocalcaneal ligament extends from the lateral tubercle of the talus to the upper medial calcaneus.

* The short, strong lateral talocalcaneal ligament connects from the lateral talus under the fibular facet to the lateral calcaneus, and runs parallel to the calcaneofibular ligament.
* The medial talocalcaneal ligament extends from the medial tubercle of the talus to the sustentaculum tali on the medial surface of the calcaneus.

A synovial membrane lines the capsule of the joint, and the jointis wrapped in a capsule of short fibers that are continuous with thetalocalconeonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints of the foot.

ources

* Calais-Germain, Blandine. "Anatomy of Movement", Eastland Press, 1993. ISBN 0-939616-17-3
* Anatomy of the Human Body, Henry Gray, 1918

Additional images

External links

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