- Raoul Pictet
Infobox Scientist
name = Raoul-Pierre Pictet
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caption = Raoul-Pierre Pictet
birth_date =4 April 1846
birth_place =Geneva
death_date =27 July 1929
death_place =Paris
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nationality =Swiss
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field =physics
work_institutions =University of Geneva
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known_for =liquid nitrogen
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Raoul-Pierre Pictet (4 April 1846 –27 July 1929 ) was aSwiss physicist and the first person to liquefy nitrogen. He was born inGeneva and served asprofessor in the university of that city. He devoted himself largely to problems involving the production of low temperatures and the liquefaction and solidification of gases. [For biographical details, see cite book | author = Sloan, T. O'Connor | title = Liquid Air and the Liquefaction of Gases| year = 1920 | publisher = Norman W. Henley | location = New York | pages 152 – 171 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=eLk3AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Liquid+Air+and+the+Liquefaction+of+Gases&as_brr=1#PPA153,M2 ]On
December 22 ,1877 , the Academy of Sciences inParis received a telegram from Pictet in Geneva reading as follows: "Oxygen liquefied to-day under 320 atmospheres and 140 degrees of cold by combined use of sulfurous and carbonic acid." This announcement was almost simultaneous with that of Cailletet who had liquefied oxygen by a completely different process.Pictet is the author of "Mémoire sur la liquéfaction de l'oxygène, la liquéfaction et la solidifaction de l'hydrogène et sur les théories des changements des corps" (1878); "Synthèse de la chaleur" (1879); "Nouvelles machines frigorifiques basées sur l'emploi de phénomènen physicochimiques" (1895); "Etude critique du matérialisme et du spiritualisme par la physique expérimentale" {1896); "L'Acétylène" (1896); "Le carbide" (1896); "Zur mechanischen Theorie der Explosivstoffe" (1902); "Die Theorie der Apparate zur Herstellung flüssiger Luft mit Entspannung" (1903).
Pictet died in Paris in 1929.
ee also
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Liquefaction of gases
*Timeline of low-temperature technology References
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